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Antioxidative polyphenols attenuate pyocyanin-induced ROS production in neuronal HT22 cell lines

Pyocyanin, a secreted virulence factor, plays an essential role during Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. Infection of the central nervous system by this bacterium results in high mortality, but the studies on its mechanism are still rather limited. In this study, we first evaluate the neuronal damage caused by pyocyanin exposure in neuronal HT22 cells. Pyocyanin leads to mitochondrial syndrome and antioxidant defense disruption, therefore increasing intercellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Several typical superior antioxidant polyphenols effectively protect against pyocyanin-induced neuronal cell damage. These findings suggest the neuronal protective activity more or less relies on the structure, rather than the residues. Pre-incubation of catechin activates the essential pathway, indicating inverse correlation of ERK and AMPK phosphorylation participates in this process. These data outline a novel strategy to eliminate intracellular generated ROS. The investigated candidates could be potentially used as therapeutic agents against various ROS-related neurological diseases.

 

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The provided text describes a study that evaluates the impact of pyocyanin, a virulence factor secreted by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, on neuronal HT22 cells. The study reveals that pyocyanin exposure leads to neuronal damage by causing mitochondrial syndrome and disrupting antioxidant defense mechanisms. Consequently, this results in an increase in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within the cells. The researchers further investigate the protective effects of various polyphenols, which are known for their antioxidant properties, against pyocyanin-induced neuronal cell damage. The study suggests that the structural characteristics of these polyphenols play a crucial role in their neuronal protective activity.

Additionally, the researchers find that pre-incubation of catechin, a type of polyphenol, activates an essential pathway. This activation demonstrates an inverse correlation between the phosphorylation of ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase) and AMPK (adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase). The participation of these signaling pathways suggests a potential mechanism by which the protective effects of polyphenols are mediated.

Overall, the findings of this study provide insights into the neuronal damage caused by pyocyanin and the potential protective effects of polyphenols. The identified polyphenols could serve as therapeutic agents against various neurological diseases associated with the overproduction of ROS within cells. However, it is important to note that further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms involved and to validate the therapeutic potential of these polyphenols in the context of ROS-related neurological diseases.

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S4723 (-)Epicatechin (−)Epicatechin (L-Epicatechin, (-)-Epicatechol) is a flavonoid present in cocoa, green tea and red wine. It is a strong antioxidant, has insulin mimic action and improves heart health.

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Antioxidant