Allelopathic Effect of Aqueous Extracts of Grass Genotypes on Eruca Sativa L

The aim of the current research is to evaluate the allelopathic activity of fifty grass genotypes from different species and to identify phenolic compounds in the genotypes that have the highest allelopathic activity and inhibitory effect on Eruca sativa L. (Rocket). Aqueous extract was prepared from the leaves of grass genotypes in different concentrations and its effect on germination and growth of E. sativa L. was measured. According to the results, the type of genotype and the concentration of the extract significantly decreased the percentage of germination, hypocotyl length, radicle length, and dry weight of E. sativa L. seedlings. Increasing the concentration of the extract resulted in a decrease in germination and growth of seedlings. The genotypes of Festulolium (Festulolium) (GR 5009, GR 1692, GR 5004) had the most inhibitory effect on the growth of E. sativa L. Also, among the genotypes studied, two genotypes (DG-M) and (DG-P) of Dactylis glomerata L. (orchardgrass) species showed the least allelopathic activity. The results of HPLC-MS indicated nine phenolic compounds including caffeic acid, syringic acid, vanillic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, apigenin acid, chlorogenic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, and gallic acid. The phenolic compound most present in the aqueous extract was caffeic acid. However, phenolic compounds derived from Festulolium genotypes showed the greatest allelopathic action on the growth parameters of E. sativa L. The aqueous extracts of the Festulolium genotypes can be considered valid systems of sustainable weed control thanks to the phytocomplex rich in phenols.

 

Comments:

The research you described aims to investigate the allelopathic activity of fifty grass genotypes from different species and identify the phenolic compounds responsible for inhibiting the growth of Eruca sativa L. (Rocket). Allelopathy refers to the chemical inhibition of one plant species by another through the release of biochemical compounds. In this study, aqueous extracts were prepared from the leaves of various grass genotypes, and their effects on the germination and growth of E. sativa L. were analyzed.

The key findings of the research are as follows:

1. **Effect of Genotype and Extract Concentration:** The allelopathic activity was influenced by both the type of grass genotype and the concentration of the extract. Higher concentrations of the extract led to decreased germination and growth of E. sativa L. seedlings.

2. **Inhibitory Genotypes:** Festulolium genotypes (GR 5009, GR 1692, GR 5004) exhibited the most significant inhibitory effect on the growth of E. sativa L. These genotypes showed strong allelopathic activity, indicating their potential for weed control.

3. **Low Allelopathic Activity Genotypes:** Two genotypes (DG-M) and (DG-P) of Dactylis glomerata L. (orchardgrass) species exhibited the least allelopathic activity. This suggests that these genotypes may not produce strong inhibitory compounds.

4. **Phenolic Compounds:** The study identified nine phenolic compounds in the aqueous extracts, including caffeic acid, syringic acid, vanillic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, apigenin acid, chlorogenic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, and gallic acid. Caffeic acid was found to be the most abundant phenolic compound in the extracts.

5. **Allelopathic Action:** Phenolic compounds derived from Festulolium genotypes were particularly effective in inhibiting the growth parameters of E. sativa L. These compounds are likely responsible for the observed allelopathic activity.

6. **Implications:** The study suggests that the aqueous extracts from Festulolium genotypes, rich in phenolic compounds, can be used as a sustainable and eco-friendly method for weed control. These natural compounds can potentially be harnessed in agriculture to manage weed growth without relying on synthetic herbicides.

In summary, the research provides valuable insights into allelopathic interactions between different grass genotypes and E. sativa L. The identification of specific inhibitory compounds opens avenues for further studies on sustainable weed control methods in agriculture.

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