Home NF-κB NF-κB inhibitor - Nrf2 activator Diethylmaleate For research use only.

Diethylmaleate

Synonyms: Diethyl ester, Maleic acid diethyl ester

Diethylmaleate (Diethyl ester, Maleic acid diethyl ester) is the diethyl ester of maleic acid and a glutathione-depleting compound that inhibits NF-κB.

Diethylmaleate Chemical Structure

Diethylmaleate Chemical Structure

CAS No. 141-05-9

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Diethylmaleate Related Products

Signaling Pathway

NF-κB Signaling Pathways

NF-κB Signaling Pathway

Biological Activity

Description Diethylmaleate (Diethyl ester, Maleic acid diethyl ester) is the diethyl ester of maleic acid and a glutathione-depleting compound that inhibits NF-κB.
Targets
NF-κB [5] Nrf2 [3]
In vitro
In vitro

DEM induces upregulation of GSH(L-c-glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine) metabolism, and the downregulation of pathways of cancer, chemokine signaling, cytokine-cytokine receptor, and focal adhesion in transformed cells. DEM appears to modify microenvironment of transformed cells thereby restraining tumor cell growth. DEM is cytotoxic to the transformed cells in a concentration dependent manner. DEM at 0.25 mM decreases cell viability to 75%. The co-exposure of cells to DEM+GSHe inhibits DEM induced cytotoxicity. DEM exposure increases the ROS generation by multiple orders of magnitude in transformed cells. This is evident from the dose and time dependent increase in fluorescence intensity of CMH2DCFDA. Moreover, DEM activates MAPK pathway and DEM induced activation of ERK is found to be due to phosphorylation at Thr 202/204[1].
Cell Research Cell lines Transformed cells (tC3H10T1/2 and tBALB/c)
Concentrations Various test concentrations (0.05-1 mM)
Incubation Time 24 h
Method

A stock solution of DEM is prepared in 100% DMSO and diluted in DMEM to achieve the desired concentration with less than 0.1% DMSO in the culture wells. Briefly, cells are seeded (1 ×104 cells/well) in 96-well plates and allowed to adhere overnight. Subsequently, these cells are exposed to DEM at various test concentrations (0.05-1 mM) or co-exposed to equimolar (0.25 mM) DEM+GSHe for 24 h. Cell viability is determined by recording the OD at 570 nm in an Elisa microplate reader.
In Vivo
In vivo

Sperm motility and epididymal sperm count are significantly reduced in the DEM treated animals. Fertility status is also affected by DEM exposure as is evident from the percent fertility and the litter size. consequences of the oxidative stress produced by the DEM induces glutathione depletion, on the reproductive ability of male mice and modulation of the various components of the antioxidant defense system at the transcriptional level[4].
Animal Research Animal Models Sprague-Dawley rats
Dosages A range of doses up to a maximum of 6mmol/kg
Administration i.p

Chemical Information & Solubility

Molecular Weight 172.18 Formula

C8H12O4
CAS No. 141-05-9 SDF Download Diethylmaleate SDF
Density 1.064 g/mL at 25 °C
Smiles CCOC(=O)C=CC(=O)OCC
Storage (From the date of receipt) 2 years -80°C liquid

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Answers to questions you may have can be found in the inhibitor handling instructions. Topics include how to prepare stock solutions, how to store inhibitors, and issues that need special attention for cell-based assays and animal experiments.

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