Home Cytoskeletal Signaling HDAC inhibitor Givinostat (ITF2357) For research use only.

Givinostat (ITF2357)

Givinostat (ITF2357) is a potent HDAC inhibitor for maize HD2, HD1B and HD1A with IC50 of 10 nM, 7.5 nM and 16 nM in cell-free assays. Phase 2.

Givinostat (ITF2357) Chemical Structure

Givinostat (ITF2357) Chemical Structure

CAS No. 732302-99-7

Purity & Quality Control

Givinostat (ITF2357) Related Products

Signaling Pathway

HDAC Signaling Pathways

HDAC Signaling Pathway

Biological Activity

Description Givinostat (ITF2357) is a potent HDAC inhibitor for maize HD2, HD1B and HD1A with IC50 of 10 nM, 7.5 nM and 16 nM in cell-free assays. Phase 2.
Features An orally active, potent inhibitor of histone deacetylases (HDACs).
Targets
HD1-B [1]
(Cell-free assay)		 HD2 [1]
(Cell-free assay)		 HD1-A [1]
(Cell-free assay)
7.5 nM 10 nM 16 nM
In vitro
In vitro In LPS-stimulated cultured human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), ITF2357 reduces the release of TNFα, IL-1α, IL-1β, and IFNγ, with IC50 of 10-25 nM, respectively. Using the combination of IL-12 plus IL-18, ITF2357 reduces IFNγ and IL-6 production with IC50 of 12.5-25 nM, independent of decreased IL-1 or TNFα. [1] ITF2357 is cytotoxic in multiple myeloma (MM) cell lines (RPMI8226, NCI-H929, JJN3, KMS 11, KMS 12, KMS 18, and KMS 20) and acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) cell lines (HL-60, THP-1, U937, KASUMI, KG-1, and TF-1), with IC50 of 200 nM. ITF2357 activates the intrinsic apoptotic pathway, upregulates p21 and downmodulates Bcl-2 and Mcl-1. ITF2357 inhibits the production of IL-6, VEGF, and IFNγ in mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) by 80-95%. [2] ITF2357 favors β-cell survival during inflammatory conditions. ITF2357 at concentrations of 25 and 250 nM increases islet cell viability, enhances insulin secretion, inhibits release of MIP-1α and MIP-2, reduces NO production and decreases apoptosis rates. [3]
Kinase Assay Enzymatic Assay for HDAC Inhibitory Activity of Synthetic Compounds
The assay is performed by adding 100 μL substrate (2×105 cpm), 40 μL buffer (50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 8.0, 750 mM NaCl, 5 mM PMSF, 50% glycerol) and 95 μL distilled water to the crude cellular extract (5 μL). ITF2357 (50 μL) is added to test for HDAC inhibition. The mixture is incubated overnight at room temperature and the reaction quenched by adding 50 μL of a solution containing 259 μL 37% HCl and 28 μL acetic acid in 1 mL distilled water. The [3H]acetyl residues released from the substrate are separated by organic extraction with 600 μL of ethyl acetate, 200 μL of the organic phase is added to standard scintillation fluid, and radioactivity is measured by a beta-counter. Inhibition of HDACs is expressed as the concentration inhibiting 50% of the control activity (by comparing the radioactivity of the samples containing inhibitors to that of the control containing cellular crude extract alone).
Cell Research Cell lines peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs)
Concentrations 1 nM - 1 μM
Incubation Time 24 hours
Method After washing, the isolated PBMCs are resuspended in RPMI containing 5% FCS at 5×106/mL, added to a 50-mL conical polypropylene tube, and placed at 4 °C overnight. The PBMCs are resuspended the next morning and added to a 96-well flat microtiter plate (100 μL per well). ITF2357 is then added for inhibition studies, and the plates are incubated at 37 °C for 1 hour, after which the cells are stimulated with LPS or other stimulants in a final volume of 200 μL per well. The supernatants are removed after incubation at 37 °C for 24 hours, and frozen at -80 °C until assayed for cytokines.
Experimental Result Images Methods Biomarkers Images PMID
Western blot SOD2(K68) / SOD2 / p53(K120) / p53(K382) / p53 / p65(K310) / p65 pERK / ERK / pJNK / JNK / pp38 / p38 PARP / Cleaved PARP / Pro-Caspase 7 / Cleaved caspase 7 / Pro-caspase 3 / Cleaved Caspase 3 CHK1 / p53 / p21 α-SMA / TGF-β1 / VEGF 26217084
In Vivo
In vivo ITF2357 (1-10 mg/kg) reduces LPS-induced serum TNFα and IFNγ by more than 50% in mice. Anti-CD3-induced cytokines are not suppressed by ITF2357 in PBMCs in the circulation in mice. In concanavalin-A-induced hepatitis, ITF2357 (1 or 5 mg/kg) significantly reduces liver damage. [1] ITF2357 (10 mg/kg) significantly prolongs survival of severe combined immunodeficient mice inoculated with the AML-PS in vivo passaged cell line. [2] In a mouse model of closed head injury (CHI), ITF2357 (10 mg/kg) improves neurobehavioral recovery, decreases neuronal degeneration, reduces lesion volume, and induces glial apoptosis. [4]
Animal Research Animal Models Mice. For LPS induction of serum cytokines: BALB/c; for anti-CD3-induced cytokines: CD1; for concanavalin A (Con A)-induced acute hepatitis: BALB/c or C57Bl6.
Dosages 0.01-50 mg/kg
Administration By gavage in 100 μL water.
NCT Number Recruitment Conditions Sponsor/Collaborators Start Date Phases
NCT05933057 Recruiting
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
Italfarmaco
 February 19 2024 Phase 3
NCT05860114 Completed
Drug Drug Interaction
Italfarmaco
 March 21 2022 Phase 1
NCT05845567 Completed
Drug Drug Interaction
Italfarmaco
 March 21 2022 Phase 1
NCT01901432 Completed
Polycythemia Vera
Italfarmaco
 October 2013 Phase 1|Phase 2

Chemical Information & Solubility

Molecular Weight 475.97 Formula

C24H27N3O4.HCl.H2O
CAS No. 732302-99-7 SDF Download Givinostat (ITF2357) SDF
Smiles CCN(CC)CC1=CC2=C(C=C1)C=C(C=C2)COC(=O)NC3=CC=C(C=C3)C(=O)NO.O.Cl
Storage (From the date of receipt)

In vitro
Batch:

DMSO : 95 mg/mL ( (199.59 mM) Moisture-absorbing DMSO reduces solubility. Please use fresh DMSO.)

Water : Insoluble

Ethanol : Insoluble


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Tech Support

Answers to questions you may have can be found in the inhibitor handling instructions. Topics include how to prepare stock solutions, how to store inhibitors, and issues that need special attention for cell-based assays and animal experiments.

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