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TSA (Trichostatin A)

TSA (Trichostatin A) is an HDAC inhibitor with IC50 of ~1.8 nM in cell-free assays.

TSA (Trichostatin A) Chemical Structure

TSA (Trichostatin A) Chemical Structure

CAS No. 58880-19-6

Purity & Quality Control

TSA (Trichostatin A) Related Products

Signaling Pathway

HDAC Signaling Pathways

HDAC Signaling Pathway

Cell Data

Cell Lines Assay Type Concentration Incubation Time Formulation Activity Description PMID
HeLa Growth Inhibition Assay 10/30/50 nM 72 h DMSO increases the number of MMP (ΔΨm) loss cells dose dependently 23165748
HeLa Growth Inhibition Assay 20 nM 72 h DMSO IC50 of 20nM 23165748
HeLa Growth Inhibition Assay 40 nM 48 h DMSO IC50 of 40nM 23165748
HeLa Growth Inhibition Assay 100 nM 24 h DMSO IC50 of 100nM 23165748
Caco-2  Function Assay 1 µM  24 h decreases SERT protein expression 23195070
HTK Function Assay 100-800nM 72 h blocks TGF-β–Induced ROS and H2O2 Accumulation 23284002
HTK Function Assay 400 nM 72 h inhibits TGF-β–Induced Myofibroblast Differentiation 23284002
HEK293 Function Assay 1 µM  18 h  inhibits the kalirin-7-mediated recruitment of synphilin-1 aggregates into aggresomes 23284848
SH-SY5Y Function Assay 250 nM 16 h changes expression pattern of genes involved in cholesterol synthesis, uptake and efflux 23326422
THP1 Apoptosis Assay 1 μM 24 h induces cell death 23400519
K562 Apoptosis Assay 1 μM 24 h induces cell death 23400519
Kazumi Apoptosis Assay 1 μM 24 h induces cell death 23400519
KG1 Apoptosis Assay 1 μM 24 h induces cell death 23400519
HL60 Apoptosis Assay 1 μM 24 h induces cell death 23400519
HEL Function Assay 0.5 μM 24 h ethanol decreases the enzyme activity of HDACs co-treatment with curcumin 23430957
K562 Function Assay 0.5 μM 24 h ethanol decreases the enzyme activity of HDACs co-treatment with curcumin 23430957
LM8 Growth Inhibition Assay 0.3 μM 12-96 h DMSO inhibits the cell growth co-treatment with metformin 23451817
MG-63  Growth Inhibition Assay 0.3 μM 12-96 h DMSO inhibits the cell growth co-treatment with metformin 23451817
H1299 Function Assay 0.5 μM 48 h DMSO inhibits the invasiveness  combine with silibinin 23461975
H1299 Function Assay 0.5 μM 48 h DMSO inhibits the migratory potential combine with silibinin 23461975
H1299  Function Assay 0.33–1 µM 24/48 h DMSO increases E-cadherin protein levels dose dependently 23461975
MCF7 Function Assay 0.05-2 μM 24 h reduces the induction of p53-dependent genes by Nutlin-3 23470540
ARN8  Function Assay 0.05-2 μM 24 h reduces the induction of p53-dependent genes by Nutlin-3 23470540
U373 Function Assay 0.25/0.5/1 μM 24 h increases PR-B expression co-treatment with 5AzadC 23474171
HASMCs Function Assay 0-500 nM 6 d down-regulates the expression of HADC and cell viability 23518467
MFE296 Function Assay 500 nM 5 d DMSO induces L1CAM expression co-treatment with 5-AzaC 23530769
EN1 Function Assay 500 nM 5 d DMSO induces L1CAM expression co-treatment with 5-AzaC 23530769
HEC1A Function Assay 500 nM 5 d DMSO induces L1CAM expression co-treatment with 5-AzaC 23530769
ECC1 Function Assay 500 nM 5 d DMSO induces L1CAM expression co-treatment with 5-AzaC 23530769
AGS Growth Inhibition Assay 0.015-1 μM 72 h induces cell death concentration dependently 23745024
Huh7 Growth Inhibition Assay 1 μM 24 h DMSO reduces about 20% viability  23643933
Lovo Growth Inhibition Assay 0.2/1.0/5.0 μM 12/24/36/48 h induces cell death in concentration- and time-dependent manner 23770000
HCT1 Growth Inhibition Assay 0.2/1.0/5.0 μM 12/24/36/48 h induces cell death in concentration- and time-dependent manner 23770000
SUM190PT Growth Inhibition Assay 50/100/250 nM 48 h DMSO induces cell death at 50 nM sensitively 23792638
SUM149PT Growth Inhibition Assay 2/7.5/10 μM 48 h DMSO induces cell death at 2 μM insensitively 23792638
H1299 Apoptosis Assay 0.5/1 μM 48 h ethanol induces cell apoptosis 23867991
A549 Apoptosis Assay 0.5/1 μM 48 h ethanol induces cell apoptosis 23867991
H1299 Growth Inhibition Assay 0.25/0.5/1 μM 24/48/72 h ethanol inhibits the cell growth in concentration and time-dependent manner 23867991
A549 Growth Inhibition Assay 0.25/0.5/1 μM 24/48/72 h ethanol inhibits the cell growth in concentration and time-dependent manner 23867991
H1299 Growth Inhibition Assay 1 μM  24/48/72 h ethanol increases cell death after 24h 23916609
PMNs Function Assay 30 nM 48 h inhibits efferocytosis, HDAC activity and Rac activity 23988617
CA46 Growth Inhibition Assay 3/6/12/24/48 nM 48 h inhibits the cell proliferation at 24 and 48 nM  24064951
HCT116 Growth Inhibition Assay 0.2 μM 12 h enhances cell apoptosis induced by radiation 24122231
HLEB3 Growth Inhibition Assay 0.4/0.8 μM 48 h DMSO induces cell apoptosis 24157878
SRA01/04  Growth Inhibition Assay 0.4/0.8 μM 48 h DMSO induces cell apoptosis 24157878
HLEB3 Growth Inhibition Assay 0.2 μM 48 h DMSO suppresses cell proliferation through suppressing the PI3K/Akt, p38MAPK and ERK1/2 signaling pathways 24157878
SRA01/04  Growth Inhibition Assay 0.2 μM 48 h DMSO suppresses cell proliferation through suppressing the PI3K/Akt, p38MAPK and ERK1/2 signaling pathways 24157878
A2780 Growth Inhibition Assay 0.05-2 μM 10/24/48 h DMSO mediates growth arrest in a concentration- and time-dependent manner 24223801
SKOV3 Growth Inhibition Assay 0.05-2 μM 10/24/48 h DMSO mediates growth arrest in a concentration- and time-dependent manner 24223801
Huh7  Function Assay 0.1/0.5/1.0 μM 24h suppresses YTHDC2 gene expression 24269672
hMSCs Function Assay 6.25 nM 24 h DMSO stabilizes Histone Acetylation and the Expression of Pluripotent Genes 24312356
HT29  Growth Inhibition Assay 180 nM 72 h IC50 of 180 nM 24368265
RPE Growth Inhibition Assay 0.2/0.4/0.8/1 μM 24/48/72 h DMSO inhibits the proliferation by cell cycle arrest 24456602
U87 GBM Function Assay 100/500 Nm 48 h 100% ethanol Induces Senescence-Like Alterations in Nuclear Morphology 24464841
U87 GBM Growth Inhibition Assay 100/300/500 nM 72 h 100% ethanol reduces mean cell number by 31, 54, and 58 % 24464841
ACP03 Growth Inhibition Assay 250/350/500nM 24h decreases cell viability of approximately 70 % at 250 nM 24668547
ACP02 Growth Inhibition Assay 250/350/500nM 24h decreases cell viability of approximately 70 % at 250 nM 24668547
HeLa Function Assay 1mM 0.5h abolishes the total HDAC activity 24707474
HMEC-1  Function Assay 300nM 24h increases expression of VEGFR3 mRNA 24710631
HeLa  Growth Inhibition Assay 2μM 48h decreases cell viability about 25% 24846135
LNCaP Growth Inhibition Assay 100-1000nM 24h IC50 of 300nM 24854658
PC3 Growth Inhibition Assay 100-1000nM 24h IC50 of 300nM 24854658
CNE2 Growth Inhibition Assay 100-600nM 24/48/72h inhibits the proliferation in a time- and dose-dependent manner 24969901
HeLa Function Assay 250nM 16h DMSO increases CYP1A1 mRNA expression  25116688
A549 Growth Inhibition Assay 0.01-0.9μM 72h DMSO IC50 of 0.06μM 25169491
SKOV-3 Growth Inhibition Assay 0.01-0.9μM 72h DMSO IC50 of 0.32μM 25169491
A549 Growth Inhibition Assay 0.1-1μM 48h DMSO IC50 of 0.28μM 25169491
SKOV-3 Growth Inhibition Assay 0.1-1μM 48h DMSO IC50 of 0.7μM 25169491
A549 Growth Inhibition Assay 1-10μM 24h DMSO IC50 of 3.2μM 25169491
SKOV-3 Growth Inhibition Assay 1-10μM 24h DMSO IC50 of 5.6μM 25169491
MCF7 Growth Inhibition Assay 0-600nM 24h DMSO IC50 of 75nM 25192721
MDA-MB-231 Growth Inhibition Assay 0-600nM 24h DMSO IC50 of 100nM 25192721
A431 Function Assay 50nM 2/6/12/24h DMSO activates p21 and inhibits ATF3 expression 25371069
A431 Apoptosis Assay 2/10/50/100nM 48h DMSO inhibits the cell growth 25371069
PC3  Function Assay 0.1μM 48h DMSO induces increase of HDAC1 and HDAC2 on Slug genes promoter 25434997
SW480  Function Assay 0.1μM 48h DMSO induces increase of HDAC1 and HDAC2 on Slug genes promoter 25434997
PC3  Function Assay 0.1μM 48h DMSO attenuates invasion and migration 25434997
PC3  Function Assay 0.1μM 48h DMSO reverses EMT 25434997
SW480  Function Assay 0.1μM 48h DMSO attenuates invasion and migration 25434997
SW480  Function Assay 0.1μM 48h DMSO reverses EMT 25434997
MEFs Function Assay 5μM 16h increases the EPEC attachment, Tir delivery and the efficiency of pedestal formation 25482634
TE13 Apoptosis Assay 0.3μM 24h inhibits the cell proliferation 25579665
TE13 Function Assay 0.3μM 24h up-regulates RASSF5A level 25579665
HEK 293 Function Assay 0.7μM 24h ethanol enhances ENaC acetylation and increases ENaC abundance in the total cell lysate and at the cell surface 25787079
MDA-MB-231 Growth Inhibition Assay 25-400 nM 48 h IC50 of 263.2nM  23055198
MCF-7  Growth Inhibition Assay 25-400 nM 48 h IC50 of 220.4nM 23055198
ECC-1  Growth Inhibition Assay 100 nM 24 h ethanol increases the proportion of apoptotic nuclei to 35% 23028803
HEC-1A Growth Inhibition Assay 100 nM 24 h ethanol increases the proportion of apoptotic nuclei to 39% 23028803
NHAC-kn Growth Inhibition Assay 10/100/500 nM 12 h DMSO IC50 of 500nM 23017871
A549 Growth Inhibition Assay 250 nM 6-72 h DMSO causes a greater inhibitory effect combine with TXT or erlotinib 22994780
MG-63 Growth Inhibition Assay 300 nM 12 h DMSO inhibits the cell growth to 86% 22799338
MG-63 Growth Inhibition Assay 300 nM 24 h DMSO inhibits the cell growth to 67% 22799338
MG-63 Growth Inhibition Assay 300 nM 48 h DMSO inhibits the cell growth to 56% 22799338
HL60  Growth Inhibition Assay 150-350 nM 24 h increases cell apoptosis when concentrations higher than 250 nM 22753739
U937 Growth Inhibition Assay 150-350 nM 24 h increases cell apoptosis when concentrations higher than 250 nM 22753739
SCC-6 Growth Inhibition Assay 200-3200 nM 12/24/48 h DMSO inhibits the proliferation of SCC-6 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner 22552321
U87  Growth Inhibition Assay 100-300 ng 24 h inhibits the cell growth to 72% at 200ng 22270849
K562 Function Assay 1 μM 12 h DMSO enhances the expression of RUNX3 induced by 5-aza-CdR 22179198
Reh Function Assay 0.3/1 μM 12 h DMSO enhances the expression of RUNX3 induced by 5-aza-CdR 22179198
Mv1Lu Function assay 18 hrs Induction of wild-type p21 promoter activation in mink Mv1Lu cells after 18 hrs by luciferase assay relative to basal level, EC1000 = 0.19 μM. 17881232
HeLa Function assay 24 hrs Induction of p21 expression in human HeLa cells after 24 hrs, EC1000 = 0.0115 μM. 18397826
Mv1Lu Function assay 24 hrs Increase in human wild type p21 protein expression in mink Mv1Lu cells after 24 hrs by p21 promoter assay, EC1000 = 0.02 μM. 24997578
HCT 116 Antiproliferative assay In vitro antiproliferative activity against human colon cancer HCT 116 cells determined by MMT assay, EC50 = 1 μM. 11597413
T24 Function assay Concentration of compound required for acetylation of histone-4 in human T24 cancer cells, EC50 = 1 μM. 11597413
T24 Function assay Inhibition of acetylation of histone-4 in human T-24 cancer cells, EC50 = 1 μM. 14613312
T24 Function assay Inhibition of acetylation of histone-4 in human T-24 cancer cells, EC50 = 4 μM. 14613312
T24 Function assay Induction of alpha tubulin acetylation in human T24 cells, EC50 = 0.01 μM. 19111466
T24 Function assay Induction of histone H3 acetylation in human T24 cells, EC50 = 0.01 μM. 19111466
HepG2 Function assay Up-regulation of transcriptional activity of human CLA-1 promoter region -1055 to -62bp transfected in HepG2 cells by luciferase reporter gene assay, EC50 = 0.38 μM. 25556102
HeLa Function assay Inhibition of HDAC6 in human HeLa cells assessed as inhibition of tubulin deacetylation incubated for overnight by cELISA, EC50 = 0.0052 μM. 26611919
HL60 Antiproliferative assay 24 hrs Antiproliferative activity against human HL60 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay, GI50 = 0.59 μM. 29454918
MDA-MB-435 Antiproliferative assay 24 hrs Antiproliferative activity against human MDA-MB-435 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay, GI50 = 1.78 μM. 29454918
K562 Function assay Inhibitory activity against partially purified histone deacetylase of human leukemia K562 cells., IC50 = 0.0046 μM. 10425110
A20 Function assay In vitro for anti-HDAC1 (Histone deacetylase 1) activity in mouse A20 cells, IC50 = 0.002 μM. 11960489
K 562 Function assay Inhibitory activity against Histone deacetylase (HDAC) in K 562 erythroleukemia cells, IC50 = 0.0034 μM. 14592473
friend cell Function assay Inhibitory concentration against friend cells proliferation, IC50 = 0.04 μM. 14613312
SNU-16 Function assay Inhibitory activity against Histone deacetylase (HDAC) from SNU-16 (human gastric adenocarcinoma) cells, IC50 = 0.05329 μM. 14667227
melanoma B16/BL6 Function assay Inhibitory activity against histone deacetylases (HDAC1) prepared from mouse melanoma B16/BL6 cells, IC50 = 0.019 μM. 15109626
melanoma B16/BL6 Function assay Inhibitory activity against histone deacetylase (HDAC4) prepared from mouse melanoma B16/BL6 cells, IC50 = 0.02 μM. 15109626
melanoma B16/BL6 Function assay Inhibitory activity against histone deacetylase 6 prepared from mouse melanoma B16/BL6 cells, IC50 = 0.028 μM. 15109626
melanoma B16/BL6 Function assay Inhibitory activity against histone deacetylase 8 prepared from mouse melanoma B16/BL6 cells, IC50 = 0.04 μM. 15109626
293T Function assay Inhibition of human histone deacetylase 4 prepared from 293T cells, IC50 = 0.02 μM. 15454224
293T Function assay Inhibition of human histone deacetylase 1 prepared from 293T cells, IC50 = 0.02 μM. 15454224
293T Function assay Inhibition of human histone deacetylase 6 prepared from 293T cells, IC50 = 0.02 μM. 15454224
293T Function assay Inhibition of human histone deacetylase 8 prepared from 293T cells, IC50 = 0.04 μM. 15454224
HeLa Function assay Inhibitory concentration against human histone deacetylase (HDAC) from HeLa cells with substrate 5a, IC50 = 0.0545 μM. 15456267
HCT116 Antiproliferative assay Antiproliferative activity against HCT116 cells, IC50 = 0.0013 μM. 16904890
H1299 Antiproliferative assay Antiproliferative activity against H1299 cells, IC50 = 0.1 μM. 16904890
H661 Antiproliferative assay Antiproliferative activity against H661 cells, IC50 = 0.3 μM. 16904890
H661 Antiproliferative assay 48 hrs Antiproliferative activity against H661 cells after 48 hrs by XTT assay, IC50 = 0.085 μM. 17624773
WiDr Growth inhibition assay Inhibition of SAP130 mediated cell growth in human WiDr cells, IC50 = 0.5776 μM. 17643112
U251 Function assay Inhibition of SAP130 in VEGF-stimulated human U251 cells by PLAP reporter gene assay, IC50 = 0.6112 μM. 17643112
293T Function assay Inhibition of human HDAC1 expressed in 293T cells, IC50 = 0.0019 μM. 17881232
293T Function assay Inhibition of human HDAC4 expressed in 293T cells, IC50 = 0.002 μM. 17881232
293T Function assay Inhibition of mouse HDAC6 expressed in 293T cells, IC50 = 0.0028 μM. 17881232
H661 Antiproliferative assay 48 hrs Antiproliferative activity against H661 cells after 48 hrs, IC50 = 0.085 μM. 17897824
293T Function assay Inhibition of HDAC1 expressed in 293T cells, IC50 = 0.19 μM. 17900911
293T Function assay Inhibition of HDAC4 expressed in 293T cells, IC50 = 0.2 μM. 17900911
293T Function assay Inhibition of HDAC6 expressed in 293T cells, IC50 = 0.28 μM. 17900911
NIH3T3 Function assay Inhibition of human recombinant HDAC1 expressed in NIH3T3 cells, IC50 = 0.021 μM. 17929798
human 293 Function assay Inhibition of human recombinant HDAC4 expressed in 293 cells, IC50 = 0.034 μM. 17929798
mouse 293 Function assay Inhibition of mouse recombinant HDAC6 expressed in 293 cells, IC50 = 0.081 μM. 17929798
SKBR3 Antiproliferative assay Antiproliferative activity against human SKBR3 cells, IC50 = 0.02 μM. 18247554
MM96L Function assay Inhibition of human MM96L cells, IC50 = 0.03 μM. 18247554
SNU16 Function assay Inhibition of HDAC from human SNU16 cells, IC50 = 0.053 μM. 18247554
A549 Antiproliferative assay Antiproliferative activity against human A549 cells, IC50 = 0.08 μM. 18247554
MKN45 Antiproliferative assay Antiproliferative activity against human MKN45 cells, IC50 = 0.1 μM. 18247554
SQ20B Function assay Inhibition of human SQ20B cells, IC50 = 0.2 μM. 18247554
neonatal foreskin fibroblasts Growth inhibition assay Growth inhibition of human neonatal foreskin fibroblasts cells, IC50 = 0.2 μM. 18247554
HeLa Function assay Inhibition of HDAC from human HeLa cells, IC50 = 0.3 μM. 18247554
MM96L/NFF Function assay Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for human MM96L cells to IC50 for human NFF cells, IC50 = 6.7 μM. 18247554
293T Function assay Inhibition of human HDAC1 expressed in 293T cells, IC50 = 0.0366 μM. 18397826
293T Function assay Inhibition of human HDAC4 expressed in 293T cells, IC50 = 0.0629 μM. 18397826
293T Function assay Inhibition of human HDAC6 expressed in 293T cells, IC50 = 0.0833 μM. 18397826
HeLa Function assay Inhibition of human HDAC in HeLa cells by flour de lys assay, IC50 = 0.005 μM. 18397827
S2 Function assay Inhibition of Plasmodium falciparum HDAC1 expressed in Drosophila melanogaster S2 cells, IC50 = 0.0006 μM. 19317450
NCI-H661 Antiproliferative assay 48 hrs Antiproliferative activity against human NCI-H661 cells after 48 hrs by XTT assay, IC50 = 0.1 μM. 19385600
NIH3T3 Function assay Inhibition of HDAC1 in human NIH3T3 cells by radiometric histone deacetylation assay, IC50 = 0.006 μM. 19457659
HeLa Function assay Inhibition of HDAC from human HeLa cells by fluorogenic enzyme assay, IC50 = 0.3 μM. 19457659
ML1 Antitumor assay Antitumor activity against mouse ML1 cells, IC50 = 0.25 μM. 19534534
HCT116 Cytotoxicity assay 3 days Cytotoxicity against human HCT116 cells after 3 days by WST-1 assay, IC50 = 0.8 μM. 20452226
HCT116 Growth inhibition assay 48 hrs Growth inhibition of human HCT116 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay, IC50 = 0.043 μM. 21073160
H460 Growth inhibition assay 48 hrs Growth inhibition of human H460 cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay, IC50 = 0.1 μM. 21073160
DMS53 Cytotoxicity assay 2 days Cytostatic activity against human DMS53 cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation after 2 days by MTT assay, IC50 = 0.025 μM. 21504214
HeLa Function assay 20 mins Inhibition of HDAC in human HeLa cells using Ac-Arg-Gly-Lys(Ac)-AMC as fluorescent substrate after 20 mins by fluorescence assay, IC50 = 0.003 μM. 21621883
Sf9 Function assay 1 hr Inhibition of N terminal hexahistidine-tagged human HDAC8 expressed in Sf9 cells after 1 hr by fluorescence assay, IC50 = 0.96 μM. 21723733
MCF7 Antiproliferative assay 48 hrs Antiproliferative activity against human MCF7 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 1.7 μM. 22465091
BE(2)-C Antiproliferative assay 72 hrs Antiproliferative activity against human BE(2)-C cells after 72 hrs by Alamar blue assay, IC50 = 0.05 μM. 22932316
Sf9 Function assay 2 hrs Inhibition of human recombinant HDAC6 expressed in Sf9 cells incubated for 2 hrs using RHKK-Ac fluorogenic substrate, IC50 = 0.0012 μM. 23009203
Sf9 Function assay 2 hrs Inhibition of human recombinant HDAC1 expressed in Sf9 cells incubated for 2 hrs using RHKK-Ac fluorogenic substrate, IC50 = 0.005 μM. 23009203
A2780 Cytotoxicity assay 72 hrs Cytotoxicity against cisplatin resistant human A2780 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 0.22 μM. 23252603
A2780 Function assay 18 hrs Inhibition of HDAC in cisplatin resistant human A2780 cells after 18 hrs by fluorescence assay, IC50 = 0.25 μM. 23252603
A2780 Cytotoxicity assay 72 hrs Cytotoxicity against human A2780 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 0.29 μM. 23252603
A2780 Function assay 18 hrs Inhibition of HDAC in human A2780 cells after 18 hrs by fluorescence assay, IC50 = 0.43 μM. 23252603
Sf9 Function assay Inhibition of human recombinant HDAC6 expressed in baculovirus/sf9 cells using RHKKAc as substrate, IC50 = 0.0009 μM. 23905680
Sf9 Function assay Inhibition of human recombinant HDAC1 expressed in baculovirus/sf9 cells using RHKKAc as substrate, IC50 = 0.005 μM. 23905680
Sf9 Function assay Inhibition of human recombinant HDAC2 expressed in baculovirus/sf9 cells using RHKKAc as substrate, IC50 = 0.005 μM. 23905680
Sf9 Function assay Inhibition of human recombinant HDAC10 expressed in baculovirus/sf9 cells using RHKKAc as substrate, IC50 = 0.009 μM. 23905680
Sf9 Function assay Inhibition of human recombinant HDAC11 expressed in baculovirus/sf9 cells using RHKKAc as substrate, IC50 = 0.0173 μM. 23905680
Sf9 Function assay Inhibition of human recombinant HDAC8 expressed in baculovirus/sf9 cells using RHKAcKAc as substrate, IC50 = 0.129 μM. 23905680
MOLT4 Cytotoxicity assay 72 hrs Cytotoxicity against human MOLT4 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by CCK8 assay, IC50 = 0.03 μM. 24960627
A549 Cytotoxicity assay 72 hrs Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by CCK8 assay, IC50 = 0.05 μM. 24960627
MCF7 Cytotoxicity assay 72 hrs Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by CCK8 assay, IC50 = 0.06 μM. 24960627
HL60 Cytotoxicity assay 72 hrs Cytotoxicity against human HL60 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by CCK8 assay, IC50 = 0.08 μM. 24960627
BGC823 Cytotoxicity assay 72 hrs Cytotoxicity against human BGC823 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by CCK8 assay, IC50 = 0.08 μM. 24960627
HuH7 Cytotoxicity assay 72 hrs Cytotoxicity against human HuH7 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by CCK8 assay, IC50 = 0.1 μM. 24960627
U937 Cytotoxicity assay 72 hrs Cytotoxicity against human U937 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by CCK8 assay, IC50 = 0.1 μM. 24960627
HeLa Cytotoxicity assay 72 hrs Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by CCK8 assay, IC50 = 0.11 μM. 24960627
NCI-H1975 Cytotoxicity assay 72 hrs Cytotoxicity against human NCI-H1975 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by CCK8 assay, IC50 = 0.21 μM. 24960627
K562 Cytotoxicity assay 72 hrs Cytotoxicity against human K562 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by CCK8 assay, IC50 = 0.41 μM. 24960627
HEK293 Cytotoxicity assay 96 hrs Cytotoxicity against human HEK293 cells after 96 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 0.16 μM. 25556102
LO2 Cytotoxicity assay 96 hrs Cytotoxicity against human LO2 cells after 96 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 0.21 μM. 25556102
HeLa Cytotoxicity assay 96 hrs Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells after 96 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 0.85 μM. 25556102
HepG2 Cytotoxicity assay 96 hrs Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells after 96 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 0.96 μM. 25556102
U2OS Cytotoxicity assay 96 hrs Cytotoxicity against human U2OS cells after 96 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 14.93 μM. 25556102
Sf9 Function assay 90 mins Inhibition of full length human recombinant N-terminal GST-tagged HDAC6 (1 to 1215 residues) expressed in sf9 cells using RHK-K(Ac)-AMC as substrate incubated for 90 mins by fluorescence assay, IC50 = 0.001716 μM. 27060764
Sf21 Function assay 60 mins Inhibition of full length human recombinant C-terminal FLAG-His-tagged HDAC1 (1 to 482 residues) expressed in Sf21 cells using RHK-K(Ac)-AMC as substrate incubated for 60 mins by fluorescence assay, IC50 = 0.006574 μM. 27060764
insect cell Function assay 60 mins Inhibition of full length human recombinant C-terminal GST-tagged HDAC2 (1 to 488 residues) expressed in insect cells using RHK-K(Ac)-AMC as substrate incubated for 60 mins by fluorescence assay, IC50 = 0.01051 μM. 27060764
insect cell Function assay 60 mins Inhibition of full length human recombinant C-terminal His-tagged HDAC3 (1 to 428 residues)/human recombinant N-terminal GST-tagged NCOR2 expressed in insect cells using RHK-K(Ac)-AMC as substrate incubated for 60 mins by fluorescence assay, IC50 = 0.01107 μM. 27060764
insect cell Function assay Inhibition of human recombinant N-terminal His-tagged HDAC11 (1 to 347 residues) expressed in insect cells/baculovirus expression system using RHK-K(Ac)-AMC as substrate by fluorescence assay, IC50 = 0.01137 μM. 27060764
insect cell Function assay 60 mins Inhibition of human recombinant C-terminal His-tagged HDAC8 (1 to 377 residues) expressed in insect cells using RHK-K(Ac)-K(Ac)-AMC as substrate incubated for 60 mins by fluorescence assay, IC50 = 0.3074 μM. 27060764
SHSY5Y Function assay 8 hrs Inhibition of HDAC6 in human SHSY5Y cells using BATCP as substrate after 8 hrs by UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis, IC50 = 0.0078 μM. 27650925
SHSY5Y Function assay 8 hrs Inhibition of HDAC in human SHSY5Y cells using MAL as substrate after 8 hrs by UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis, IC50 = 0.0091 μM. 27650925
Sf9 Function assay 4 hrs Inhibition of human recombinant GST-tagged HDAC1 expressed in baculovirus infected Sf9 insect cells using MOCPAC as substrate after 4 hrs by UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis, IC50 = 0.0157 μM. 27650925
insect cell Function assay 4 hrs Inhibition of human recombinant HDAC6 expressed in baculovirus infected insect cells using BATCP as substrate after 4 hrs by UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis, IC50 = 0.016 μM. 27650925
SHSY5Y Function assay 8 hrs Inhibition of HDAC1 in human SHSY5Y cells using MOCPAC as substrate after 8 hrs by UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis, IC50 = 0.0188 μM. 27650925
HEK293T Function assay 30 mins Inhibition of recombinant human HDAC1 expressed in HEK293T cells using Ac-KGLGK(Ac)-MCA as substrate after 30 mins in presence of DTT by fluorescence assay, IC50 = 0.019 μM. 29519604
HEK293T Function assay 30 mins Inhibition of recombinant mouse HDAC6 expressed in HEK293T cells co-expressing mouse HDA2 using Ac-KGLGK(Ac)-MCA as substrate after 30 mins in presence of DTT by fluorescence assay, IC50 = 0.028 μM. 29519604
NFF Cytotoxicity assay Cytotoxicity against human NFF cells, IC50 = 0.2 μM. 30245402
insect cell Function assay Inhibition of N-terminal GST-tagged recombinant human HDAC6 expressed in baculovirus infected insect cells using RHKK(Ac)AMC as substrate by fluorescence-based assay, IC50 = 0.0085 μM. 30365892
Sf21 Function assay Inhibition of C-terminal FLAG-His-tagged full length recombinant human HDAC1 expressed in Sf21 insect cells using RHKK(Ac)AMC as substrate by fluorescence-based assay, IC50 = 0.0094 μM. 30365892
insect cell Function assay Inhibition of recombinant human HDAC3/NCOR2 expressed in baculovirus infected insect cells using RHKK(Ac)AMC as substrate by fluorescence-based assay, IC50 = 0.0127 μM. 30365892
insect cell Function assay Inhibition of C-terminal GST-tagged recombinant human HDAC2 expressed in baculovirus infected insect cells using RHKK(Ac)AMC as substrate by fluorescence-based assay, IC50 = 0.0267 μM. 30365892
insect cell Function assay Inhibition of C-terminal His-tagged recombinant human HDAC8 expressed in baculovirus infected insect cells using RHKK(Ac)AMC as substrate by fluorescence-based assay, IC50 = 0.609 μM. 30365892
A20 Function assay Binding affinity towards HDAC1 (Histone deacetylase 1) in mouse A20 cells, expressed as binding constant (pKi), Ki = 0.001072 μM. 11960489
Hela Function assay Inhibition of HDAC in human Hela cells nuclear extracts by fluorimetric assay, Ki = 0.504 μM. 19520580
Sf9 Function assay 90 mins Inhibition of full length recombinant human N-terminal GST-tagged HDAC6 expressed in baculovirus-infected Sf9 insect cells using RHKK(Ac)AMC as substrate after 90 mins by fluorimeter, Ki = 0.00058 μM. 29589441
Sf21 Function assay 60 mins Inhibition of recombinant human C-terminal FLAG/His-tagged HDAC1 expressed in baculovirus-infected Sf21 insect cells using RHKK(Ac)AMC as substrate after 60 mins by fluorimeter, Ki = 0.00064 μM. 29589441
insect cell Function assay 60 mins Inhibition of full length recombinant human C-terminal His-tagged HDAC3/N-terminal GST-tagged recombinant human NCOR2 (395 to 489 residues) expressed in baculovirus-infected insect cells using RHKK(Ac)AMC as substrate after 60 mins by fluorimeter, Ki = 0.00084 μM. 29589441
insect cell Function assay 60 mins Inhibition of full length recombinant human C-terminal GST-tagged HDAC2 expressed in baculovirus-infected insect cells using RHKK(Ac)AMC as substrate after 60 mins by fluorimeter, Ki = 0.00355 μM. 29589441
insect cell Function assay Inhibition of recombinant human HDAC10 expressed in baculovirus-infected insect cells using fluorogenic peptide RHKKAc as substrate by fluorimeter, Ki = 0.00476 μM. 29589441
insect cell Function assay 60 mins Inhibition of recombinant human C-terminal His-tagged HDAC8 (1 to 377 residues) expressed in baculovirus-infected insect cells using RHK(Ac)K(Ac)AMC as substrate after 60 mins by fluorimeter, Ki = 0.145 μM. 29589441
insect cell Function assay Inhibition of recombinant human N-terminal His-tagged HDAC11 (1 to 347 residues) expressed in baculovirus-infected insect cells using RHKK(Ac)AMC as substrate by fluorimeter, Ki = 0.401 μM. 29589441
GM15850 Function assay 0.1 uM 12 hrs Inhibition of HDAC in human GM15850 cells assessed as increase in total acetylated histone level at 0.1 uM after 12 hrs by Western blot analysis 16921367
A549 Function assay 0.1 uM Inhibition of SIRT2 in A549 cells assessed as ability to induce hyperacetylation of tubulin by Western blot analysis at 0.1 uM 17149860
ST14A Function assay 75 nM Induction of REST/NRSF-coupled repression of luciferase tagged rat RE1/NRSE BDNF promoter activity expressed in ST14A cells at 75 nM assessed as increase in luciferase activity 17565993
HEK293 Function assay 600 nM Increase in GRP78 protein level in HEK293 cells at 600 nM by immunoblot 17566732
HEK293 Function assay 600 nM Increase in protein disulfide isomerase level in HEK293 cells at 600 nM by immunoblot 17566732
HeLa Function assay 1 uM 24 hrs Induction of p16 expression in human HeLa cells at 1 uM after 24 hrs by Western blotting 17643111
HeLa Function assay 1 uM 24 hrs Induction of p27 expression in human HeLa cells at 1 uM after 24 hrs by Western blotting 17643111
HeLa Function assay 1 uM 24 hrs Induction of p21 expression in human HeLa cells at 1 uM after 24 hrs by Western blotting 17643111
HCT116 Function assay Inhibition of human HDAC1 assessed as histone hyperacetylation in human HCT116 cells by Western blot 18054239
HCT116 Function assay Inhibition of human HDAC6 assessed as tubulin hyperacetylation in human HCT116 cells by Western blot 18054239
HEK293 STF Function assay 24 hrs Activation of mouse Wnt3a signaling expressed in HEK293 STF cells assessed as increase in transcriptional activity after 24 hrs by luciferase reporter gene-based lactate dehydrogenase assay 19022675
NCI-H661 Function assay 300 nM 6 hrs Inhibition of HDAC in human NCI-H661 cells assessed as induction of histone H4 acetylation at 300 nM after 6 hrs by Western blot analysis 19385600
NCI-H661 Function assay 300 nM 6 hrs Inhibition of HDAC in human NCI-H661 cells assessed as induction of alpha-tubulin acetylation at 300 nM after 6 hrs by Western blot analysis 19385600
HL60 Function assay 20 ug/ml 24 hrs Inhibition of HDAC in human HL60 cells assessed as increase in histone H3 acetylation at 20 ug/ml after 24 hrs by Western blot analysis 19534471
primary bronchial epithelial cell Function assay 0.1 uM Inhibition of HDAC7 in human primary bronchial epithelial cells assessed as induction of mutant Fdelta508 CFTR protein apical surface localization at 0.1 uM 19966789
MCF7 Function assay 0.1 uM 16 hrs Inhibition of SIRT2 in human MCF7 cells assessed as tubulin hyperacetylation at 0.1 uM after 16 hrs by Western blot 20030343
HeLa Function assay 1 uM 10 mins Inhibition of HDAC in human HeLa cells at 1 uM after 10 mins by fluorometric assay 21055848
MCF7 Function assay 0.5 uM 24 hrs Inhibition of Class 1 histone deacetylase in human MCF7 cells assessed as up-regulation of p21 protein level at 0.5 uM after 24 hrs by Western blot analysis 22280363
MCF7 Function assay 0.5 uM 24 hrs Inhibition of HDAC6 in human MCF7 cells assessed as change in tubulin acetylation level at 0.5 uM after 24 hrs by Western blot analysis 22280363
MCF7 Function assay 0.5 uM 24 hrs Inhibition of HDAC1 in human MCF7 cells assessed as up-regulation of acetylated histone H3 protein level at 0.5 uM after 24 hrs by Western blot analysis 22280363
PC12 Function assay 10 uM 48 hrs Inhibition of HDAC6 in rat PC12 cells assessed as acetylation of histone H3 at 10 uM after 48 hrs by Western blotting analysis 23905680
PC12 Function assay 10 uM 48 hrs Inhibition of HDAC6 in rat PC12 cells assessed as induction of alpha-tubulin acetylation at 10 uM after 48 hrs by Western blotting analysis 23905680
PC12 Function assay 10 uM 5 days Induction of neurite outgrowth in rat PC12 cells at 10 uM after 5 days 23905680
SH-SY5Y Function assay 10 uM 5 days Induction of neurite outgrowth in human SH-SY5Y cells at 10 uM after 5 days 23905680
A549 Antiproliferative assay 0.4 uM 24 hrs Antiproliferative activity against human A549 cells assessed as shrunken and sharp shape at 0.4 uM after 24 hrs by phase contrast microscopy 25884112
HeLa Function assay Inhibition of HDAC6 in human HeLa cells assessed as tubulin acetylation incubated for overnight by immunofluorescence microscopic analysis 26611919
C127-LT Function assay 200 nM 24 hrs Inhibition of HDAC in mouse C127-LT cells assessed as activation of EGFP expression at 200 nM after 24 hrs by fluorescence microscopy 26996372
HeLa nuclear Function assay 10 to 25 uM 30 mins Competitive inhibition of HDAC in human HeLa nuclear cells at 10 to 25 uM using Boc-acetyl-lysine-AMC as substrate after 30 mins by Lineweaver-Burk plot analysis 26996372
HeLa Function assay 2 uM 24 hrs Inhibition of HDAC1 in human HeLa cells assessed as hyperacetylation of histone H3 at 2 uM incubated for 24 hrs by Western blot analysis 27060764
HN13 Function assay 24 hrs Inhibition of HDAC in human HN13 cells assessed as reduction in histone H3 Lys9 acetylation incubated for 24 hrs by immunofluorescence assay 29031066
HeLaS3 Function assay 10 uM Inhibition of HDAC in human HeLaS3 cells assessed as increase in histone H3K9 acetylation at 10 uM measured immediately by immunoblot analysis 30258535
HeLaS3 Function assay 10 uM 16 hrs Inhibition of HDAC in human HeLaS3 cells assessed as increase in histone H3K9 acetylation at 10 uM treated for 16 hrs followed by compound washout and measured up to 24 hrs by immunoblot analysis 30258535
Click to View More Cell Line Experimental Data

Biological Activity

Description TSA (Trichostatin A) is an HDAC inhibitor with IC50 of ~1.8 nM in cell-free assays.
Targets
HDAC [1]
(Cell-free assay)
~1.8 nM
In vitro
In vitro Trichostatin A inhibits the proliferation of eight breast carcinoma cell lines including MCF-7, T-47D, ZR-75-1, BT-474, MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-453, CAL 51, and SK-BR-3 with mean IC50 of 124.4 nM (range, 26.4-308.1 nM), with more potency against cell lines that express ERα than the ERα-negative cell lines. Trichostatin A inhibits HDAC activity similarly in all the breast cancer cell lines with mean IC50 of 2.4 nM (range, 0.6-2.6 nM), and results in pronounced histone H4 hyperacetylation. [1] Unlike Trapoxin (TPX) and Chlamydocin which potently inhibit HDAC1 or HDAC4 but not HDAC6, Trichostatin A inhibits these HDACs to a similar extent with IC50 of 6 nM, 38 nM, and 8.6 nM, respectively. [2] Trichostatin A (100 ng/mL) treatment induces the expression of transforming growth factor β type II receptor (TβRII) in MIA PaCa-2 cells through the recruitment of p300 and PCAF into a Sp1-NF-Y HDAC complex that binds the DNA element of TβRII promoter, which is associated with a concomitant acetylation of Sp1 and an overall decrease in the amount of HDAC associated with the complex. [4]
Kinase Assay In vitro HDAC activity
Total cellular extracts are prepared from each breast cancer cell line (MCF-7, T-47D, ZR-75-1, BT-474, MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-453, CAL 51, or SK-BR-3). A 20 μL crude cell extract (~2.5 ×105 cells), in the presence of varying concentrations of Trichostatin A in 0.1% (v/v) ethanol or 0.1% (v/v) ethanol as vehicle control, are incubated for 60 minutes at 25 °C with 1 μL (~1.5 × 106 cpm) of [3H]acetyl-labeled histone H4 peptide substrate (NH2-terminal residues 2-20) that has been acetylated with [3H]acetic acid, sodium salt (3.7 GBq/mmol) by an in vitro incorporation method. Each 200 μL reaction is quenched with 50 μL of 1 M HCl/0.16 M acetic acid and extracted with 600 μL of ethyl acetate, and released [3H]acetate is quantified by scintillation counting. IC50 values are determined graphically using nonlinear regression to fit inhibition data to the appropriate dose-response curve.
Cell Research Cell lines MCF-7, T-47D, ZR-75-1, BT-474, MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-453, CAL 51, and SK-BR-3
Concentrations Dissolved in absolute ethanol, final concentrations ~10 μM
Incubation Time 96 hours
Method

Cells are exposed to various concentrations of Trichostatin A for 96 hours. After treatment, cell proliferation is estimated using the sulforhodamine B colorimetric assay. Cell viability is determined by trypan blue exclusion.
Experimental Result Images Methods Biomarkers Images PMID
Western blot EGFR / STAT3 Cyclin D1 / CDK6 / CDK4 / p-RB / RB MMP-1 / MMP-3 / MMP-13 / TIMP-1 Acetyl-H3 (Lys27) / H3 (96C10) / Acetyl-H4(Lys8) / H4(L64C1) α-H3Ac / α-H4Ac / α-H3K9Ac / α-H3K9 S10 / α-H3K4 me / α-H3K4 me2 / α-H3K9 me2 31289542
Immunofluorescence α-C/EBPβ / α-HP1α α-HDAC1 α-tubulin / acetylated histone 3 21122806
Growth inhibition assay Cell viability (A549 cells) Cell viability (MDA-MB-231 cells) Cell viability (PC3 cells) 27571418
In Vivo
In vivo Administration of Trichostatin A at 0.5 mg/kg for 4 weeks displays potent antitumor activity in the N-methyl-N-nitrosourea carcinogen-induced rat mammary carcinoma model, without any measurable toxicity at doses up to 5 mg/kg. [1] Single intraperitoneal doses of 10 mg/kg Trichostatin A in nontransgenic and spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) model mice results in increased levels of acetylated H3 and H4 histones and modest increases in survival motor neuron (SMN) gene expression. Administration of Trichostatin A at 10 mg/kg/day improves survival, attenuates weight loss, and enhances motor behavior in the SMA model mice. [5]
Animal Research Animal Models Inbred virgin female (Ludwig/Wistar/Olac) rats bearing tumors induced with NMU
Dosages ~5 mg/kg/day
Administration Injection s.c.
NCT Number Recruitment Conditions Sponsor/Collaborators Start Date Phases
NCT05355363 Recruiting
Colorectal Cancer|Colon Adenoma
Centre hospitalier de l''Université de Montréal (CHUM)
 February 27 2023 Not Applicable
NCT05414890 Recruiting
NMO Spectrum Disorder|NMDA-R Encephalitis|Diagnostic Self Evaluation|Immune System Diseases|Nervous System Diseases|Autoimmune Diseases of the Nervous System|Autoimmune Diseases
Beijing Tiantan Hospital|Tianjin Medical University General Hospital
 June 30 2022 --
NCT05271955 Not yet recruiting
Autism Spectrum Disorder
Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris|University Hospital Montpellier
 June 15 2022 Not Applicable
NCT04606771 Active not recruiting
Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
AstraZeneca
 September 28 2020 Phase 2
NCT03877510 Completed
Parkinson Disease
Impax Laboratories LLC
 April 3 2019 Phase 3

Chemical Information & Solubility

Molecular Weight 302.4 Formula

C17H22N2O3
CAS No. 58880-19-6 SDF Download TSA (Trichostatin A) SDF
Smiles CC(C=C(C)C=CC(=O)NO)C(=O)C1=CC=C(C=C1)N(C)C
Storage (From the date of receipt)

In vitro
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DMSO : 23 mg/mL ( (76.05 mM) Moisture-absorbing DMSO reduces solubility. Please use fresh DMSO.)

Water : Insoluble

Ethanol : Insoluble


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Tech Support

Answers to questions you may have can be found in the inhibitor handling instructions. Topics include how to prepare stock solutions, how to store inhibitors, and issues that need special attention for cell-based assays and animal experiments.

Handling Instructions

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Frequently Asked Questions

Question 1:
I would like to obtain the enantiomers of TSA, as separate chemicals: R-TSA and S-TSA. Do you have any ideas?

Answer:
Our S1045 Trichostatin A (TSA) is R enantiomer.

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