Home Proteases Proteasome inhibitor - Autophagy activator - Apoptosis related activator - COVID-19 inhibitor Carfilzomib (PR-171) For research use only.

Carfilzomib (PR-171)

Carfilzomib (PR-171) is an irreversible proteasome inhibitor with IC50 of <5 nM in ANBL-6 cells, displayed preferential in vitro inhibitory potency against the ChT-L activity in the β5 subunit, but little or no effect on the PGPH and T-L activities. Carfilzomib activates prosurvival autophagy and induces cell apoptosis.

Carfilzomib (PR-171) Chemical Structure

Carfilzomib (PR-171) Chemical Structure

CAS No. 868540-17-4

Purity & Quality Control

Carfilzomib (PR-171) Related Products

Signaling Pathway

Proteasome Signaling Pathways

Proteasome Signaling Pathway

Cell Data

Cell Lines Assay Type Concentration Incubation Time Formulation Activity Description PMID
MM.1S Growth Inhibition Assay 0-100 nM 48 h IC50 = 10 nM 25312543
NCI-H929  Growth Inhibition Assay 0-100 nM 48 h IC50 = 14 nM 25312543
SUDHL16  Apoptosis Asssay 2.5–3.5 nM 48 h enhances the cell death co-treatment with ACY1215 25239935
SUDHL14 Apoptosis Asssay 2.5–3.5 nM 48 h enhances the cell death co-treatment with ACY1215 25239935
U2932 Apoptosis Asssay 2.5–3.5 nM 48 h enhances the cell death co-treatment with ACY1215 25239935
P-UMSCC-1 Growth Inhibition Assay IC50=11.2 nM 24915039
R-UMSCC-1 Growth Inhibition Assay IC50=2294 nM 24915039
P-Cal33 Growth Inhibition Assay IC50=17.3 nM 24915039
R-Cal33 Growth Inhibition Assay IC50=1112 nM 24915039
Jurkat Growth Inhibition Assay 1-11nM 48 h inhibits the cell proliferation co-treatment with vorinostat 24801128
Jurkat Apoptosis Asssay 8 nM 24/48 h induces apoptosis, caspase activation, and PARP cleavage co-treatment with vorinostat 24801128
UMSCC-22A Apoptosis Asssay 200 nM 24 h induce the cell apoptosis co-treatment with ONX 0912 22929803
UMSCC-22B Apoptosis Asssay 200 nM 24 h induce the cell apoptosis co-treatment with ONX 0912 22929803
1483 Apoptosis Asssay 200 nM 24 h induce the cell apoptosis co-treatment with ONX 0912 22929803
UMSCC-1 Apoptosis Asssay 200 nM 24 h induce the cell apoptosis co-treatment with ONX 0912 22929803
UMSCC-22A Growth Inhibition Assay IC50=38.7 ± 1.0 nM 22929803
UMSCC-22B Growth Inhibition Assay IC50=30.7 ± 9.3 nM 22929803
1483 Growth Inhibition Assay IC50=50.5 ± 11.9 nM 22929803
UMSCC-1 Growth Inhibition Assay IC50=34.6 ± 2.6 nM 22929803
Cal33 Growth Inhibition Assay IC50=49.3 ± 8.9 nM 22929803
PCI-15A Growth Inhibition Assay IC50=70.4 ± 22.6 nM 22929803
PCI-15B Growth Inhibition Assay IC50=39.5 ± 11.0 nM 22929803
OSC-19 Growth Inhibition Assay IC50=18.3 ± 4.2 nM 22929803
SUDHL16 Apoptosis Asssay 2.0-4.0 nM 48 h induces cell death co-treatment with obatoclax 22411899
SUDHL16 Function Assay 2.5 nM 24 h activates JNK, inactivates AKT, up-regulates Noxa, and induces γH2A.X co-treatment with obatoclax 22411899
Granta Growth Inhibition Assay 0-4 nM 48 h induce cell death co-treatment with HADCIs 21750224
SUDHL16 Growth Inhibition Assay 1-4 nM 36 h induce cell death co-treatment with HADCIs 20233973
MOLT4 Function assay 1 hr Inhibition of chymotrypsin-like activity of 20S proteasome in human MOLT4 cells after 1 hr by CellTiter-Glo luminescent assay, IC50 = 0.0051 μM. 19348473
MESSA Cytotoxicity assay 72 hrs Cytotoxicity against human MESSA cells assessed as cell viability after 72 hrs by CellTiter-Glo luminescent assay, IC50 = 0.018 μM. 19348473
MESSA Cytotoxicity assay 72 hrs Cytotoxicity against multidrug resistance transporter expressing doxorubicin resistant human MESSA cells assessed as cell viability after 72 hrs by CellTiter-Glo luminescent assay, IC50 = 0.413 μM. 19348473
RPMI8226 Cytotoxicity assay 72 hrs Cytotoxic activity against human RPMI8226 cells after 72 hrs by MTS assay, IC50 = 0.01319 μM. 24767818
NCI-H929 Cytotoxicity assay 72 hrs Cytotoxic activity against human NCI-H929 cells after 72 hrs by MTS assay, IC50 = 0.02132 μM. 24767818
CCRF-CEM Antiproliferative assay 72 hrs Antiproliferative activity against human CCRF-CEM cells after 72 hrs by oxyluciferin luminescence assay, IC50 = 0.0061 μM. 26231162
RPMI8266 Antiproliferative assay 72 hrs Antiproliferative activity against human RPMI8266 cells after 72 hrs by oxyluciferin luminescence assay, IC50 = 0.0139 μM. 26231162
HCT116 Antiproliferative assay 72 hrs Antiproliferative activity against human HCT116 cells after 72 hrs by oxyluciferin luminescence assay, IC50 = 0.0193 μM. 26231162
A431 Antiproliferative assay 72 hrs Antiproliferative activity against human A431 cells after 72 hrs by oxyluciferin luminescence assay, IC50 = 0.0238 μM. 26231162
TOV21G Antiproliferative assay 72 hrs Antiproliferative activity against human TOV21G cells after 72 hrs by oxyluciferin luminescence assay, IC50 = 0.0238 μM. 26231162
RKO Antiproliferative assay 72 hrs Antiproliferative activity against human RKO cells after 72 hrs by oxyluciferin luminescence assay, IC50 = 0.0271 μM. 26231162
MM1S Antiproliferative assay 72 hrs Antiproliferative activity against human MM1S cells measured after 72 hrs by MTS assay, IC50 = 0.0015 μM. 27765408
RPMI8226 Antiproliferative assay 72 hrs Antiproliferative activity against human RPMI8226 cells measured after 72 hrs by MTS assay, IC50 = 0.0132 μM. 27765408
LCL Cytotoxicity assay 48 hrs Cytotoxicity against human LCL cells harboring wild type p53 assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by 7AAD-staining based FACS analysis, LD50 = 0.03 μM. 27994734
RD-ES Cytotoxicity assay 48 hrs Cytotoxicity against human RD-ES cells harboring p53 mutant assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by 7AAD-staining based FACS analysis, LD50 = 0.043 μM. 27994734
U266 Cytotoxicity assay 48 hrs Cytotoxicity against human U266 cells harboring mutant p53 assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by 7AAD-staining based FACS analysis, LD50 = 0.06 μM. 27994734
WE68 Cytotoxicity assay 48 hrs Cytotoxicity against human WE68 cells harboring wild type p53 assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by 7AAD-staining based FACS analysis, LD50 = 0.08 μM. 27994734
IMR90 Cytotoxicity assay 48 hrs Cytotoxicity against human IMR90 cells harboring wild type p53 assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by 7AAD-staining based FACS analysis, LD50 = 0.13 μM. 27994734
MCF10A Cytotoxicity assay 48 hrs Cytotoxicity against human MCF10A cells harboring wild type p53 assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by 7AAD-staining based FACS analysis, LD50 = 0.32 μM. 27994734
SKOV3 Cytotoxicity assay 48 hrs Cytotoxicity against p53 deficient human SKOV3 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by 7AAD-staining based FACS analysis, LD50 = 0.32 μM. 27994734
MDA-MB-468 Cytotoxicity assay 48 hrs Cytotoxicity against human MDA-MB-468 cells harboring mutant p53 assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by 7AAD-staining based FACS analysis, LD50 = 0.33 μM. 27994734
HNDF Cytotoxicity assay 48 hrs Cytotoxicity against HNDF cells harboring wild type p53 assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by 7AAD-staining based FACS analysis, LD50 = 0.35 μM. 27994734
KGN Cytotoxicity assay 48 hrs Cytotoxicity against human KGN cells harboring wild type p53 assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by 7AAD-staining based FACS analysis, LD50 = 0.45 μM. 27994734
MCF7 Cytotoxicity assay 48 hrs Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells harboring wild type p53 assessed as reduction in cell viability after 48 hrs by 7AAD-staining based FACS analysis, LD50 = 4.5 μM. 27994734
MCF7 Function assay 35 nM 4 hrs Inhibition of 26S proteasome in human MCF7 cells assessed as accumulation of high molecular weight polyubiquitin-conjugated proteins at 35 nM after 4 hrs by Western blot analysis 27994734
MDA-MB-468 Function assay 35 nM 4 hrs Inhibition of 26S proteasome in human MDA-MB-468 cells assessed as accumulation of high molecular weight polyubiquitin-conjugated proteins at 35 nM after 4 hrs by Western blot analysis 27994734
MM1S Cytotoxicity assay 72 hrs Cytotoxicity against human MM1S cells measured after 72 hrs by MTS assay, IC50 = 0.0015 μM. 28027531
RPMI8226 Cytotoxicity assay 72 hrs Cytotoxicity against human RPMI8226 cells measured after 72 hrs by MTS assay, IC50 = 0.0132 μM. 28027531
TC32 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for TC32 cells 29435139
U-2 OS qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for U-2 OS cells 29435139
A673 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for A673 cells 29435139
DAOY qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for DAOY cells 29435139
Saos-2 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Saos-2 cells 29435139
BT-37 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for BT-37 cells 29435139
RD qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for RD cells 29435139
SK-N-SH qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SK-N-SH cells 29435139
BT-12 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for BT-12 cells 29435139
MG 63 (6-TG R) qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for MG 63 (6-TG R) cells 29435139
NB1643 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for NB1643 cells 29435139
OHS-50 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for OHS-50 cells 29435139
BT-12 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for BT-12 cells 29435139
LAN-5 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for LAN-5 cells 29435139
fibroblast cells qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for control Hh wild type fibroblast cells 29435139
NB-EBc1 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for NB-EBc1 cells 29435139
SK-N-SH qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for SK-N-SH cells 29435139
Rh41 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh41 cells 29435139
A673 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for A673 cells) 29435139
Rh30 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh30 cells 29435139
BT-37 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for BT-37 cells 29435139
MG 63 (6-TG R) qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for MG 63 (6-TG R) cells 29435139
Rh30 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for Rh30 cells 29435139
fibroblast cells qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for control Hh wild type fibroblast cells 29435139
OHS-50 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for OHS-50 cells 29435139
SK-N-SH qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Orthogonal 3D viability screen for SK-N-SH cells 29435139
Daoy qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Orthogonal 3D viability screen for Daoy cells 29435139
TC32 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Orthogonal 3D caspase screen for TC32 cells 29435139
TC32 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Orthogonal 3D viability screen for TC32 cells 29435139
MG 63 (6-TG R) qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Orthogonal 3D viability screen for MG 63 (6-TG R) cells 29435139
SJ-GBM2 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SJ-GBM2 cells 29435139
SK-N-MC qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SK-N-MC cells 29435139
NB-EBc1 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for NB-EBc1 cells 29435139
LAN-5 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for LAN-5 cells 29435139
Rh18 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh18 cells 29435139
SK-N-MC qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for SK-N-MC cells 29435139
SJ-GBM2 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for SJ-GBM2 cells 29435139
TC32 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for TC32 cells 29435139
Rh18 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for Rh18 cells 29435139
Saos-2 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for Saos-2 cells 29435139
SJ-GBM2 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Orthogonal 3D viability screen for SJ-GBM2 cells 29435139
RD qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Orthogonal 3D viability screen for RD cells 29435139
ANBL-6 Function assay Inhibition of 20S proteasome activity in human ANBL-6 cells, IC50 = 0.01 μM. 29652143
MCF7 Cytotoxicity assay 48 hrs Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 0.0041 μM. 30165344
MDA-MB-231 Cytotoxicity assay 48 hrs Cytotoxicity against human MDA-MB-231 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 0.0044 μM. 30165344
RPMI8226 Cytotoxicity assay 48 hrs Cytotoxicity against human RPMI8226 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay, IC50 = 0.0067 μM. 30165344
Click to View More Cell Line Experimental Data

Biological Activity

Description Carfilzomib (PR-171) is an irreversible proteasome inhibitor with IC50 of <5 nM in ANBL-6 cells, displayed preferential in vitro inhibitory potency against the ChT-L activity in the β5 subunit, but little or no effect on the PGPH and T-L activities. Carfilzomib activates prosurvival autophagy and induces cell apoptosis.
Targets
Proteasome [1]
(ANBL-6 cells)
5 nM
In vitro
In vitro

Carfilzomib inhibits proliferation in a variety of cell lines and patient-derived neoplastic cells, including multiple myeloma, and induced intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathways and activation of c-Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK). Carfilzomib reveals enhanced anti-MM activity, overcome resistance to other agents, and acts synergistically with (Dex). Carfilzomib shoes preferential in vitro inhibitory potency against the ChT-L activity in the β5 subunit, with over 80% inhibition at doses of 10 nM. Short exposure to low-dose Carfilzomib leads to preferential binding specificity for the β5 constitutive 20S proteasome and the β5i immunoproteasome subunits. Measurement of caspase activity in ANBL-6 cells pulsed with Carfilzomib reveals substantial increases in caspase-8, caspase-9, and caspase-3 activity after 8 hours, giving a 3.2-, 3.9- and 6.9-fold increase, respectively, over control cells after 8 hours. In carfilzomib pulse-treated cells, the mitochondrial membrane integrity is decreased to 41% (Q1 + Q2), compared with 75% in vehicle-treated control cells. [1] In another study, Carfilzomib has also shown preclinical effectiveness against hematological and solid malignancies. [2] Carfilzomib directly inhibits osteoclasts formation and bone resorption. [3]
Kinase Assay Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for subunit profiling of carfilzomib
ANBL-6 cells (2 × 106/well) are plated in 96-well plates and treated with Carfilzomib doses from 0.001 to 10 μM for 1 hour. Cells are then lysed (20 mM Tris-HCl, 0.5 mM EDTA), and cleared lysates are transferred to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) plates. A standard curve is generated using untreated ANBL-6 cell lysates starting at a concentration of 6 μg protein/μL. The active site probe [biotin-(CH2)4-Leu-Leu-Leu-epoxyketone; 20 μM] is added and incubated at room temperature for 1 hour. Cell lysates are then denatured by adding 1% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and heating to 100°C, followed by mixing with 20 μL per well streptavidin-sepharose high-performance beads in a 96-well multiscreen DV plate and incubated for 1 hour. These beads are then washed with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) buffer (PBS, 1% bovine serum albumin, and 0.1% Tween-20), and incubated overnight at 4°C on a plate shaker with antibodies to proteasome subunits. Antibodies used included mouse monoclonal anti-β1, anti-β2, anti-β1i, and anti-β5i, goat polyclonal anti-β2i, and rabbit polyclonal anti-β5 (affinity-purified antiserum against KLH-CWIRVSSDNVADLHDKYS peptide). The beads are washed and incubated for 2 hours with horseradish peroxidase-conjugated secondary goat antirabbit, goat antimouse or rabbit antigoat antibodies. After washing, the beads are developed using the supersignal ELISA picochemiluminescence substrate. Luminescent detection is performed. Raw luminescence is converted to μg/mL by comparison with the standard curve and expressed as the % inhibition relative to vehicle control. Curve fits are generated using the following nonsigmoidal dose-response equation: Y = Bottom + (Top-Bottom)/(1 + 10̂((LogEC50 − X) × HillSlope)), where X is the logarithm of concentration, Y is the % inhibition, and EC50 is the dose showing 50% effect.
Cell Research Cell lines WST-1, ANBL-6 cells
Concentrations 100 nM
Incubation Time 1 hour
Method

WST-1 is used to determine the effects of proteasome inhibitor Carfilzomib on cell proliferation. The inhibition of proliferation is calculated in relation to parallel control cells that receives vehicle alone. A linear spline function is used to interpolate the median inhibitory concentration (IC50) using XLfit 4 software. The degree of resistance (DOR) is calculated using the formula: DOR = IC50(resistant cells)/IC50(sensitive cells). ANBL-6 cells pulsed with 100 nM carfilzomib are washed and suspended in PBS containing 5 μg/mL of JC-1, which exhibits potential-dependent accumulation in mitochondria. Analysis of the mitochondrial membrane potential-dependent color shift from 525 to 590 nm is carried out on a FacScan, and the data are analyzed with CellQuest software.
Experimental Result Images Methods Biomarkers Images PMID
Western blot pERK / ERK / pSTAT5 / STAT5 / pPI3K / PI3K caspase-9 / caspase-8 c-PARP / PARP / caspase-3 Bcl-2 / Bcl-Xl / Mcl-1 / Bik / Bim / Bax / Bak Atg5 / Atg12 / Beclin-1 / LC3-II Noxa / Bik / Puma / Mcl-1 EGFR / HER2 / ER alpha / p-Akt(Ser473) / Akt / p-ERK / ERK / p53 BDP1 / HER2(Tyr1248) / HER2(Tyr1221/Tyr1222) / PARP1 / caspase-7 / p53 Mut HLA class I 24590311
Growth inhibition assay Cell viability 27655642
In Vivo
In vivo

Carfilzomib moderately reduces tumor growth in an in vivo xenograft model. Carfilzomib effectively decreases multiple myeloma cell viability following continual or transient treatment mimicking. Carfilzomib increases trabecular bone volume, decreases bone resorption and enhances bone formation in non-tumor bearing mice. [3]
Animal Research Animal Models Beige-nude-XID mice
Dosages 2.0 mg/kg
Administration i.v.
NCT Number Recruitment Conditions Sponsor/Collaborators Start Date Phases
NCT05552976 Recruiting
Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma
Bristol-Myers Squibb
 January 10 2023 Phase 3
NCT05675449 Recruiting
Multiple Myeloma
Pfizer
 December 14 2022 Phase 1
NCT05041933 Unknown status
Hematological Diseases
University Hospital Limoges
 September 15 2021 --

Chemical Information & Solubility

Molecular Weight 719.91 Formula

C40H57N5O7
CAS No. 868540-17-4 SDF Download Carfilzomib (PR-171) SDF
Smiles CC(C)CC(C(=O)C1(CO1)C)NC(=O)C(CC2=CC=CC=C2)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CCC3=CC=CC=C3)NC(=O)CN4CCOCC4
Storage (From the date of receipt)

In vitro
Batch:

DMSO : 100 mg/mL ( (138.9 mM) Moisture-absorbing DMSO reduces solubility. Please use fresh DMSO.)

Ethanol : 50 mg/mL

Water : Insoluble


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In vivo
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Tech Support

Answers to questions you may have can be found in the inhibitor handling instructions. Topics include how to prepare stock solutions, how to store inhibitors, and issues that need special attention for cell-based assays and animal experiments.

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Frequently Asked Questions

Question 1:
How should I prepare solution of Carfilzomib for ongoing in vivo study?

Answer:
This compound can be dissolved in 2% DMSO/30% PEG 300/dd H2O at 10 mg/ml as a suspension, and can be dissolved in 2% DMSO/ castor oil at 10 mg/ml as a clear solution.

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