Home Neuronal Signaling NMDAR agonist Quinolinic acid For research use only.

Quinolinic acid

Synonyms: pyridine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid, QUIN

Quinolinic Acid (pyridine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid, QUIN), a neuroactive metabolite of the kynurenine pathway, is an agonist of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor.

Quinolinic acid Chemical Structure

Quinolinic acid Chemical Structure

CAS No. 89-00-9

Purity & Quality Control

Batch: S362401 DMSO]25 mg/mL]false]Water]3 mg/mL]false]Ethanol]Insoluble]false Purity: 99.16%
99.16

Quinolinic acid Related Products

Biological Activity

Description Quinolinic Acid (pyridine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid, QUIN), a neuroactive metabolite of the kynurenine pathway, is an agonist of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor.
Targets
NMDAR [1]
In vitro
In vitro QUIN is an agonist of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, and it has a high in vivo potency as an excitotoxin. Although QUIN has an uptake system, its neuronal degradation enzyme is rapidly saturated, and the rest of extracellular QUIN can continue stimulating the NMDA receptor. QUIN (10 μM) prevents of glutamate-induced excitotoxicity in primary cultures of rat cerebellar granule neurons, nevertheless mature organotypic cultures of rat corticostriatal system or caudate nucleus chronically exposed to 100 nM QUIN for up to 7 weeks show focal degeneration characterized by the presence of vacuoles in neuropil, swollen dendrites, occasional swollen post-synaptic elements, and degenerated neurons. In vitro QUIN treatment of human primary foetal neurons leads to a substantial increase of tau phosphorylation at multiple positions. The increase in QUIN-induced phosphorylation of tau is attributed to a decrease in the expression and activity of the major tau phosphatases. QUIN can inhibit B monoamine oxidase (MAO-B) in human brain synaptosomal mitochondria and also can be a potent inhibitor of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (EC 4.1.1.32) from rat liver cytoplasm, an important enzyme in the gluconeogenesis pathway that converts oxaloacetate to phosphoenolpyruvate. QUIN can increase free radical production by inducing NOS activity in astrocytes and neurons, leading to oxidative stress, increasing both poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) activity and extracellular lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity[1].
In Vivo
In vivo Quinolinic acid (QUIN), a neuroactive metabolite of the kynurenine pathway, is normally presented in nanomolar concentrations in human brain and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and is often implicated in the pathogenesis of a variety of human neurological diseases. The concentration of QUIN varies among different brain regions, with the cerebral cortex containing approximately 1.8 nmol/g wet weight; almost 2-fold than that found in the hippocampus (1 nmol/g wet weight). Intraarterial administration of either micromolar or millimolar concentrations of QUIN results in only negligible accumulations of this metabolite in the brain, suggesting that the central nervous system (CNS) appears to be well protected by the blood brain barrier (BBB) from peripheral QUIN. QUIN can also increase glutamate release and inhibit its reuptake by astrocytes, thus increasing its concentration in the microenvironments, causing neurotoxicity and also limiting glutamate to glutamine recycling in astrocytes by decreasing glutamine synthetase activity. Intrastriatal injection of QUIN provokes a decrease of cellular respiration and ATP levels[1].
Animal Research Animal Models C57Bl/6J mice
Dosages 30 nmol
Administration Intracerebral injection
NCT Number Recruitment Conditions Sponsor/Collaborators Start Date Phases
NCT05513807 Not yet recruiting
Delayed Graft Function
Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris|Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale France|Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique France
 November 2022 Phase 3
NCT05718310 Recruiting
Migraine|Migraine Disorders|Pain
IRCCS National Neurological Institute C. Mondino Foundation|University of Pavia
 November 1 2022 Not Applicable
NCT05969990 Recruiting
Migraine in Children
Qilu Hospital of Shandong University
 January 1 2022 --
NCT04342975 Completed
AKI
Mayo Clinic|Elysium Health
 December 1 2020 Phase 2

Chemical Information & Solubility

Molecular Weight 167.12 Formula

C7H5NO4
CAS No. 89-00-9 SDF Download Quinolinic acid SDF
Smiles C1=CC(=C(N=C1)C(=O)O)C(=O)O
Storage (From the date of receipt)

In vitro
Batch:

DMSO : 25 mg/mL ( (149.59 mM) Moisture-absorbing DMSO reduces solubility. Please use fresh DMSO.)

Water : 3 mg/mL

Ethanol : Insoluble


Molecular Weight Calculator

In vivo
Batch:

Add solvents to the product individually and in order.


In vivo Formulation Calculator

Preparing Stock Solutions

Molarity Calculator

Mass Concentration Volume Molecular Weight

In vivo Formulation Calculator (Clear solution)

Step 1: Enter information below (Recommended: An additional animal making an allowance for loss during the experiment)

mg/kg g μL

Step 2: Enter the in vivo formulation (This is only the calculator, not formulation. Please contact us first if there is no in vivo formulation at the solubility Section.)

% DMSO % % Tween 80 % ddH2O
%DMSO %

Calculation results:

Working concentration: mg/ml;

Method for preparing DMSO master liquid: mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO ( Master liquid concentration mg/mL, Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug. )

Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next addμL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O, mix and clarify.

Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next add μL Corn oil, mix and clarify.

Note: 1. Please make sure the liquid is clear before adding the next solvent.
2. Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order. You must ensure that the solution obtained, in the previous addition, is a clear solution before proceeding to add the next solvent. Physical methods such
as vortex, ultrasound or hot water bath can be used to aid dissolving.

Tech Support

Answers to questions you may have can be found in the inhibitor handling instructions. Topics include how to prepare stock solutions, how to store inhibitors, and issues that need special attention for cell-based assays and animal experiments.

Handling Instructions

Tel: +1-832-582-8158 Ext:3
If you have any other enquiries, please leave a message.

* Indicates a Required Field

Please enter your name.
Please enter your email. Please enter a valid email address.
Please write something to us.
Tags: buy Quinolinic acid | Quinolinic acid supplier | purchase Quinolinic acid | Quinolinic acid cost | Quinolinic acid manufacturer | order Quinolinic acid | Quinolinic acid distributor