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Carnosic acid

Synonyms: Salvin

Carnosic acid (Salvin) is a phenolic diterpene, endowed with antioxidative and antimicrobial properties. It is increasingly used within food, nutritional health and cosmetics industries.

Carnosic acid Chemical Structure

Carnosic acid Chemical Structure

CAS No. 3650-09-7

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Biological Activity

Description Carnosic acid (Salvin) is a phenolic diterpene, endowed with antioxidative and antimicrobial properties. It is increasingly used within food, nutritional health and cosmetics industries.
In vitro
In vitro Carnosic acid (CA) would inhibit the cell viability of three CRC cell lines: Caco-2, HT29 and LoVo in a dose-dependent manner, with IC50 values in the range of 24-96 μM. CA induces cell death by apoptosis in Caco-2 line after 24 h of treatment and inhibits cell adhesion and migration, possibly by reducing the activity of secreted proteases such as urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) and metalloproteinases (MMPs). CA downregulates the expression of COX-2 in Caco-2 cells at both the mRNA and protein levels[1]. CA induces antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in several cell types, as observed in both in vitro and in vivo experimental models. It exhibits the ability to promote mitochondrial protection in neural cells[2]. In vitro, CA suppresses Receptor Activator for Nuclear Factor-κ B Ligand (RANKL)- and Macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF)-induced osteoclastogenesis. The osteoclastic specific markers are inhibited by CA. Signal transduction studies show that CA significantly decreases the expression of molecules contributing to ROS and increases anti-oxidants. Additionally, CA inactivates the RANKL- and M-CSF-induced p38 mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPK), inhibits NF-κB phosphorylation, causing pro-inflammatory cytokines down-regulation. CA ameliorates acute promyelocytic leukemia cells through activating nuclear transcription factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), which plays an essential role in cytoprotective responses to oxidative stress[3].
Cell Research Cell lines Human colon carcinoma cell lines, Caco-2, HT29 and LoVo
Concentrations 0 to 388 μM
Incubation Time 24 h
Method Cells (1×104) are seeded in 96-well microplates in complete medium. After 48 h, cells are washed twice with PBS and treated with RE, RA and CA (concentration range from 0 to 388 μM) in complete medium for 24 h. Cell viability is assessed.
In Vivo
In vivo CA significantly down-regulates fasting blood glucose, glucose level in oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and insulin tolerance test (ITT), ameliorates CIA-induced bone loss, and reduces pro-inflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in db/db mice with arthritis induced by collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). CA could regulate ER stress to ameliorate disease progression. It can also cross the blood-brain barrier readily and exert its protective effects via its potent anti-oxidative role[3].
Animal Research Animal Models male C57BL/KsJ-db/db (db/db) mice
Dosages 30 mg/kg and 60 mg/kg
Administration i.p.

Chemical Information & Solubility

Molecular Weight 332.43 Formula

C20H28O4
CAS No. 3650-09-7 SDF Download Carnosic acid SDF
Smiles CC(C)C1=C(C(=C2C(=C1)CCC3C2(CCCC3(C)C)C(=O)O)O)O
Storage (From the date of receipt)

In vitro
Batch:

DMSO : 66 mg/mL ( (198.53 mM) Moisture-absorbing DMSO reduces solubility. Please use fresh DMSO.)

Ethanol : 66 mg/mL

Water : Insoluble


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In vivo
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