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Chloramphenicol

Synonyms: Chloromycetin

Chloramphenicol (Chloromycetin) is a bacteriostatic by inhibiting protein synthesis.

Chloramphenicol Chemical Structure

Chloramphenicol Chemical Structure

CAS No. 56-75-7

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Biological Activity

Description Chloramphenicol (Chloromycetin) is a bacteriostatic by inhibiting protein synthesis.
In vitro
In vitro Chloramphenicol results in a constitutive increase in the level of cspA transcript and constitutive production of CS7.4. [1] Chloramphenicol down-regulates the mitochondrial DNA-encoded Cox I protein, but not nuclear-encoded proteins. Chloramphenicol increases cellular levels of the p21(waf1/cip1) protein and p21(waf1/cip1) mRNA through a p53-independent pathway. [2] Chloramphenicol, at concentrations greater than 0.1 g/L (0.3 mM), inhibits the denitrifying enzyme activity (DEA) of slurries of humisol and sandy loam soils by disrupting the activity of existing nitrate reductase enzymes. [3] Chloramphenicol, at concentrations from 5 mM to 2 mM initiates apoptosis in dividing cells from a monkey kidney-derived cell line and in haematopoietic progenitor cells from human neonatal cord blood. Chloramphenicol suppresses growth of progenitor cells. [4]
In Vivo
In vivo Chloramphenicol results in increased t1/2(beta) (by 209%), and decreased ClB (by 45%), and prolonged recovery indices (by 768 to 946%) in greyhounds. [5] Chloramphenicol suppresses increases in the body weight and liver weight of experimental animals and at the same time induced a remarkable increase in lipid peroxidation in the liver during the formation of megamitochondria. Chloramphenicol-induced formation of megamitochondria is not simply ascribed to the suppression of the dividing process of mitochondria due to lowered protein synthesis in mitochondria but is intimately related to oxidative stress. [6]

Chemical Information & Solubility

Molecular Weight 323.13 Formula

C11H12Cl2N2O5
CAS No. 56-75-7 SDF Download Chloramphenicol SDF
Smiles C1=CC(=CC=C1C(C(CO)NC(=O)C(Cl)Cl)O)[N+](=O)[O-]
Storage (From the date of receipt)

In vitro
Batch:

DMSO : 65 mg/mL ( (201.15 mM) Moisture-absorbing DMSO reduces solubility. Please use fresh DMSO.)

Ethanol : 65 mg/mL

Water : Insoluble


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In vivo
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Method for preparing DMSO master liquid: mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO ( Master liquid concentration mg/mL, Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug. )

Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next addμL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O, mix and clarify.

Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next add μL Corn oil, mix and clarify.

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Tech Support

Answers to questions you may have can be found in the inhibitor handling instructions. Topics include how to prepare stock solutions, how to store inhibitors, and issues that need special attention for cell-based assays and animal experiments.

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