Home Immunology & Inflammation NADPH-oxidase inhibitor Apocynin For research use only.

Apocynin

Synonyms: NSC 2146, Acetovanillone, NSC 209524

Apocynin is a selective NADPH-oxidase inhibitor with IC50 of 10 μM.

Apocynin Chemical Structure

Apocynin Chemical Structure

CAS No. 498-02-2

Purity & Quality Control

Apocynin Related Products

Biological Activity

Description Apocynin is a selective NADPH-oxidase inhibitor with IC50 of 10 μM.
Targets
NADPH-oxidase [1]
(Cell-free assay)
10 μM
In vitro
In vitro Apocynin is a naturally occurring methoxy-substituted catechol used as an inhibitor of NADPH-oxidase. Apocynin prevents serine phosphorylation of p47phox and blocks its association with gp91phox, thus blunting NADPH oxidase activation. [2] Apocynin can decrease the production of superoxide (O(2)(-)) from activated neutrophils and macrophages. Apocynin, after metabolic conversion, inhibits the assembly of NADPH-oxidase that is responsible for reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. [3]
In Vivo
In vivo Apocynin has anti-inflammatory activity in a variety of cell and animal models of inflammation. Apocynin attenuates the TNF-α and IL-1β production and iNOS expression in the lung of carrageenan-treated mice. [4] Apocynin exerts beneficial effects in a mice model of spinal cord injury. Apocynin reduces (1) the degree of spinal cord damage, (2) neutrophils infiltration, (3) ICAM-1 and P-selectin expression, (4) PAR and nitrotyrosine formation, (5) IκB-α degradation, (6) NF-κB activation, (7) pro-inflammatory cytokines production (TNF-α and IL-1β), (8) apoptosis (TUNEL staining, FAS ligand expression, Bax and Bcl-2 expression) and (9) MAPK activation (P-38 and phospho-JNK). [5] LD50: Mice 9g/kg (i.g.). [3]

Chemical Information & Solubility

Molecular Weight 166.17 Formula

C9H10O3
CAS No. 498-02-2 SDF Download Apocynin SDF
Storage (From the date of receipt)

In vitro
Batch:

DMSO : 33 mg/mL ( (198.59 mM) Moisture-absorbing DMSO reduces solubility. Please use fresh DMSO.)

Ethanol : 33 mg/mL

Water : Insoluble


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In vivo
Batch:

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In vivo Formulation Calculator

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In vivo Formulation Calculator (Clear solution)

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Method for preparing DMSO master liquid: mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO ( Master liquid concentration mg/mL, Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug. )

Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next addμL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O, mix and clarify.

Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next add μL Corn oil, mix and clarify.

Note: 1. Please make sure the liquid is clear before adding the next solvent.
2. Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order. You must ensure that the solution obtained, in the previous addition, is a clear solution before proceeding to add the next solvent. Physical methods such
as vortex, ultrasound or hot water bath can be used to aid dissolving.

Tech Support

Answers to questions you may have can be found in the inhibitor handling instructions. Topics include how to prepare stock solutions, how to store inhibitors, and issues that need special attention for cell-based assays and animal experiments.

Handling Instructions

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