Home Immunology & Inflammation NADPH-oxidase inhibitor - NOS inhibitor - TRP Channel activator - ROS inhibitor DPI (Diphenyleneiodonium chloride) For research use only.

DPI (Diphenyleneiodonium chloride)

DPI (Diphenyleneiodonium chloride) is an inhibitor of NADPH oxidase and also a potent, irreversible, and time-, temperature-dependent iNOS/eNOS inhibitor. Diphenyleneiodonium chloride (DPI) also functions as a TRPA1 activator and selectively inhibits intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS).

DPI (Diphenyleneiodonium chloride) Chemical Structure

DPI (Diphenyleneiodonium chloride) Chemical Structure

CAS No. 4673-26-1

Purity & Quality Control

DPI (Diphenyleneiodonium chloride) Related Products

Cell Data

Cell Lines Assay Type Concentration Incubation Time Formulation Activity Description PMID
MC3T3-E1 Function assay 10 μM 30 min block ROS generation and NOX expression 31049140
RAW264.7 Function assay 10 μM 4 days DPI administration inhibited the effect of RANKL on osteoclast differentiation and reduced the number of TRAP-positive multinuclear cells 30942408
VSMC Function assay 10 μM 6 h diminished PDGF-BB-evoked VSMC dedifferentiation, proliferation and migration 29175753
HK-2 Function assay inhibited ROS generation in the TZA-induced necroptosis 28894570
mouse neural precursor cells Function assay Inhibition of neurosphere proliferation of mouse neural precursor cells by MTT assay 17417631
RAW264.7 Function assay 1 hr Inhibition of LPS-stimulated ROS production in mouse RAW264.7 cells preincubated for 1 hr followed by LPS stimulation after 24 hrs by CMH2DCFDA probe-based fluorescence assay 28384544
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Biological Activity

Description DPI (Diphenyleneiodonium chloride) is an inhibitor of NADPH oxidase and also a potent, irreversible, and time-, temperature-dependent iNOS/eNOS inhibitor. Diphenyleneiodonium chloride (DPI) also functions as a TRPA1 activator and selectively inhibits intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS).
Targets
NADPH oxidase [1]
In vitro
In vitro

DPI inhibits the activity of NADPH oxidase, nitric oxide synthase, xanthine oxidase and NADPH cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase[4].

Femtomolar concentrations of DPI exert potent anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects by inhibiting microglial activation through the inhibition of ERK-regulated PHOX activity[1].

DPI has frequently been used to inhibit ROS production mediated by various flavoenzymes, including NAD(P)H oxidase, quinone oxidoreductase, cytochrome P450 reductase and nitric oxide synthase[2].

NADPH, NADP+, and 2'5'-ADP blocks the inhibitory action of DPI[3].

DPI treatment in ARPE-19 cells evoked a dose- and time-dependent growth inhibition, and also induced DNA fragmentation and protein content of the proapoptotic factor Bax. In addition, DPI significantly induced the expression and phosphorylation of p53, which induces proapoptotic genes in response to DNA damage or irreparable cell cycle arrest. ROS have been implicated as a key factor in the activation of p53 by many chemotherapeutic drugs[4].
Cell Research Cell lines ARPE-19 cells
Concentrations 0.1, 1, and 10 μM
Incubation Time 6, 12, 24, and 48 h
Method

ARPE-19 cells are plated at 1×106 cells per 60-mm dishes and incubated for 24 h. Cells are cultured in presence or absence of different concentrations of DPI in fresh DMEM/F12 medium supplemented with 10% FBS. After incubation, the cells are trypsinized, washed with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and the viable cells were scored by the trypan blue dye exclusion method using a hemocytometer.
Experimental Result Images Methods Biomarkers Images PMID
Western blot Nox1 / MMP2 / MMP9 26760964
In Vivo
In vivo

Diphenyleneiodonium (DPI), an NADPH oxidase inhibitor, inhibited the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, (TNF-α and IL-6), reduced macrophage infiltration and classical polarization, and induced the ROS generation.
Animal Research Animal Models Male C57BL/6 mice
Dosages 1 mg/kg
Administration i.p.
NCT Number Recruitment Conditions Sponsor/Collaborators Start Date Phases
NCT06061679 Not yet recruiting
COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) With Acute Lower Respiratory Infection
Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS|University of Florence UNIFI University of Florence Florence Italy Florence
 November 2023 Not Applicable
NCT06111664 Recruiting
Mood Disorders
University Hospital Strasbourg France
 May 1 2023 --
NCT05706129 Recruiting
Clear Cell Renal Cell Cancer (ccRCC)|Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC)|Colorectal Cancer (CRC)
Debiopharm International SA
 March 14 2023 Phase 1|Phase 2
NCT05764681 Recruiting
Cerebral Palsy|Chronic Post Surgical Pain
Chantel Burkitt|National Institutes of Health (NIH)|Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)|University of Minnesota|Nemours Children''s Hospital Delaware|Gillette Children''s Specialty Healthcare
 March 17 2023 --

Chemical Information & Solubility

Molecular Weight 314.55 Formula

C12H8I.Cl
CAS No. 4673-26-1 SDF Download DPI (Diphenyleneiodonium chloride) SDF
Smiles C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C3=CC=CC=C3[I+]2.[Cl-]
Storage (From the date of receipt)

In vitro
Batch:

DMSO : 13 mg/mL ( (41.32 mM) Moisture-absorbing DMSO reduces solubility. Please use fresh DMSO.)

Water : Insoluble

Ethanol : Insoluble


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In vivo
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Tech Support

Answers to questions you may have can be found in the inhibitor handling instructions. Topics include how to prepare stock solutions, how to store inhibitors, and issues that need special attention for cell-based assays and animal experiments.

Handling Instructions

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