Home DNA Damage/DNA Repair DNA/RNA Synthesis inhibitor - HIV inhibitor - Apoptosis related activator - Autophagy activator Hydroxyurea For research use only.

Hydroxyurea

Synonyms: NCI-C04831, Hydroxycarbamide,NSC-32065

Hydroxyurea is an antineoplastic agent that inhibits DNA synthesis through the inhibition of ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase. Hydroxyurea activates apoptosis and autophagy. Hydroxyurea is used to treat HIV infection.

Hydroxyurea Chemical Structure

Hydroxyurea Chemical Structure

CAS No. 127-07-1

Purity & Quality Control

Hydroxyurea Related Products

Signaling Pathway

DNA/RNA Synthesis Signaling Pathways

DNA/RNA Synthesis Signaling Pathway

Cell Data

Cell Lines Assay Type Concentration Incubation Time Formulation Activity Description PMID
L1210 Leukemia cells Growth inhibition assay Concentration required for 50% inhibition of cell growth (L1210 Leukemia), IC50=21.3796 μM 2991520
P388 leukemic cell Proliferation assay 24-48 h Antiproliferative activity of compound expressed as concentration that inhibits 50% of growth of P388 leukemic cell suspension from 24 to 48 hr after compound addition, IC50=32 μM 2709372
L1210 Function assay 48 h Activity against cultured L1210 leukemic cells was determined in vitro, after 48 h of incubation. Compound dose that causes 16 % inhibition was reported, ID16 = 1.99 μM. 6319702
U373-MAGI Function assay 500 uM 2 hrs Potentiation of 5-Aza-C-induced antiviral activity against VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1 NL4-3 infected in human U373-MAGI cells assessed as 5-Aza-C EC50 at 500 uM preincubated for 2 hrs followed by 5-Aza-C addition for 2 hrs and subsequent viral infection meas, EC50 = 25.8 μM. 27117260
Burkitt's lymphoma cells Function assay Inhibition of [14C]-cytidine incorporation into DNA in Burkitt's lymphoma cells, IC50 = 37.15 μM. 11405653
U373-MAGI Antiviral assay 500 uM Antiviral activity against VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1 NL4-3 infected in human U373-MAGI cells assessed as reduction in viral infectivity at 500 uM incubated for 4 hrs prior to viral infection measured at 72 hrs post infection by flow cytometric analysis 27117260
U373-MAGI Function assay 0.5 mM 2 hrs Increase in 5-aza-dCTP/dCTP ratio in human U373-MAGI cells at 0.5 mM preincubated for 2 hrs followed by 5-aza-C addition measured after 4 hrs by LC-MS/MS analysis relative to 5-aza-C 27117260
U373-MAGI Function assay 2 mM 6 hrs Reduction in dATP level in human U373-MAGI cells at 2 mM after 6 hrs by LC-MS/MS analysis 27117260
U373-MAGI Function assay 0.5 mM 2 hrs Reduction in dCTP level in human U373-MAGI cells at 0.5 mM preincubated for 2 hrs followed by 5-aza-C addition measured after 4 hrs by LC-MS/MS analysis 27117260
U373-MAGI Function assay 2 mM 2 hrs Reduction in dCTP level in human U373-MAGI cells at 2 mM preincubated for 2 hrs followed by 5-aza-C addition measured after 4 hrs by LC-MS/MS analysis relative to 5-aza-C 27117260
U373-MAGI Function assay 0.5 mM 2 hrs Increase in 5-aza-dCTP/dCTP ratio in human U373-MAGI cells at 0.5 mM preincubated for 2 hrs followed by 5-aza-dC addition measured after 4 hrs by LC-MS/MS analysis relative to 5-aza-dC 27117260
U373-MAGI Function assay 2 mM 2 hrs Increase in 5-aza-dCTP/dCTP ratio in human U373-MAGI cells at 2 mM preincubated for 2 hrs followed by 5-aza-dC addition measured after 4 hrs by LC-MS/MS analysis relative to 5-aza-dC 27117260
U373-MAGI Function assay 0.5 mM 2 hrs Reduction in dCTP level in human U373-MAGI cells at 0.5 mM preincubated for 2 hrs followed by 5-aza-dC addition measured after 4 hrs by LC-MS/MS analysis relative to 5-aza-dC 27117260
U373-MAGI Function assay 2 mM 2 hrs Reduction in dCTP level in human U373-MAGI cells at 2 mM preincubated for 2 hrs followed by 5-aza-dC addition measured after 4 hrs by LC-MS/MS analysis relative to 5-aza-dC 27117260
TC32 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for TC32 cells 29435139
A673 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for A673 cells 29435139
Saos-2 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Saos-2 cells 29435139
BT-37 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for BT-37 cells 29435139
RD qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for RD cells 29435139
BT-12 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for BT-12 cells 29435139
MG 63 (6-TG R) qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for MG 63 (6-TG R) cells 29435139
OHS-50 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for OHS-50 cells 29435139
Rh41 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh41 cells 29435139
A673 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for A673 cells) 29435139
U-2 OS qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for U-2 OS cells 29435139
SJ-GBM2 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SJ-GBM2 cells 29435139
SK-N-MC qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SK-N-MC cells 29435139
NB-EBc1 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for NB-EBc1 cells 29435139
TC32 qHTS assay qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Confirmatory screen for TC32 cells 29435139
Click to View More Cell Line Experimental Data

Biological Activity

Description Hydroxyurea is an antineoplastic agent that inhibits DNA synthesis through the inhibition of ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase. Hydroxyurea activates apoptosis and autophagy. Hydroxyurea is used to treat HIV infection.
Targets
ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase [1]
In vitro
In vitro hydroxyurea can inhibit HIV-1 replication. In vitro experiments have shown that the 90% inhibitory concentration (IC90) of hydroxyurea for laboratory strains of HIV-1 in activated PBMC is 0.4 mM. Hydroxyurea was also found to be synergistic with the nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor didanosine and to inhibit HIV-1 replication in activated PBMC; this inhibition may be due to a reduction in deoxynucleoside triphosphate pool sizes. Hydroxyurea has been shown to sensitize didanosine-resistant mutants[1][2].hydroxyurea has demonstrated activity in the treatment of sickle cell anemia by increasing the production of fetal hemoglobin, which reduces hemolysis in patients with this disease. Hydroxyurea exerts its cytostatic effect through inhibition of ribonucleotide reductase—the rate-limiting enzyme responsible for the conversion of ribonucleotides to deoxyribonucleotides, which are essential for DNA synthesis. As a result, cellular division is arrested in the S phase[1].
Cell Research Cell lines Erythroid cells
Concentrations 30 μM
Incubation Time 96 h
Method Erythroid cells obtained from peripheral blood of the same patients(Thirteen β-Thal/HbE patients are treated with hydroxyurea orally for 2 years at a starting dose of 5 mg/kg/day for 5 days/week with escalation to a maximum of 10 mg/kg/day) 1 year after they had stopped hydroxyurea treatment are treated with hydroxyurea in vitro.Treatment of cells performs in primary culture with 30 μM hydroxyurea for 96 hours.
NCT Number Recruitment Conditions Sponsor/Collaborators Start Date Phases
NCT06171217 Recruiting
Sickle Cell Disease|Children
Children''s Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati|National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
 October 27 2023 Phase 2
NCT05909657 Recruiting
Sickle Cell Disease
The University of The West Indies
 July 1 2023 --
NCT05548062 Recruiting
Polycythemia Vera
Novartis Pharmaceuticals|Novartis
 March 2 2023 --
NCT05662098 Recruiting
Sickle Cell Disease
Children''s Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati|Jinja Regional Referral Hospital (JRRH) Sickle Cell Clinic Jinja Uganda
 June 16 2022 Early Phase 1

Chemical Information & Solubility

Molecular Weight 76.05 Formula

CH4N2O2
CAS No. 127-07-1 SDF Download Hydroxyurea SDF
Smiles C(=O)(N)NO
Storage (From the date of receipt)

In vitro
Batch:

DMSO : 15 mg/mL ( (197.23 mM) Moisture-absorbing DMSO reduces solubility. Please use fresh DMSO.)

Water : 15 mg/mL

Ethanol : Insoluble


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Tech Support

Answers to questions you may have can be found in the inhibitor handling instructions. Topics include how to prepare stock solutions, how to store inhibitors, and issues that need special attention for cell-based assays and animal experiments.

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