Trigonelline Hydrochloride

Catalog No.S3802 Batch:S380202

Technical Data

Formula	C₇H₈NO₂.Cl
Molecular Weight	173.6	CAS No.	6138-41-6
Solubility (25°C)*	In vitro	Water	34 mg/mL (195.85 mM)
		DMSO	5 mg/mL (28.8 mM)
		Ethanol	Insoluble
* <1 mg/ml means slightly soluble or insoluble. * Please note that Selleck tests the solubility of all compounds in-house, and the actual solubility may differ slightly from published values. This is normal and is due to slight batch-to-batch variations. * Room temperature shipping (Stability testing shows this product can be shipped without any cooling measures.)

Preparing Stock Solutions

Biological Activity

Description	Trigonelline (Nicotinic acid N-methylbetaine, Coffearine, Gynesine), a major alkaloid component of fenugreek, has hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, neuroprotective, antimigraine, sedative, memory-improving, antibacterial, antiviral, and anti-tumor activities, and also has been shown to reduce diabetic auditory neuropathy and platelet aggregation.
In vitro	Trigonelline suppresses lipid droplet accumulation in a concentration (75 and 100 μM) dependent manner. Treatment of adipocyte with of Trigonelline down-regulates the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) and CCAAT element binding protein (C/EBP- ) mRNA expression, which leads to further down regulation of other gene such as adiponectin, adipogenin, leptin, resistin andadipocyte fatty acid binding protein (aP2) as compared with respective control cells on 5th and 10thday of differentiation ^[2].
In vivo	Trigonelline has been shown to reduce diabetic auditory neuropathy and platelet aggregation. In rabbits, the main parameters for the fenugreek extract (i.g.) are as follows: T_1/2(Ka)=0.9 h, T_1/2(Ke)=2.2 h, V=0.64 L/kg, area under the curve=1.93 mg/min/L. The main parameters for trigonelline (i.v.) are as follows: T_1/2α=10.8 min, T_1/2β=44.0 min, K₂₁=0.044/min, K₁₀=0.026/min, K₁₂=0.017/min, area under the concentration-time curve=931.0 mg/min/L. Trigonelline has a moderate rate of absorption and high rate of elimination in the rabbit. Trigonelline has beneficial effects in several human diseases, notably diabetes and central nervous system disease. Its properties include hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, improving diabetic auditory neuropathy, neuroprotective, antimigraine, sedative, antibacterial, antiviral, and anti-tumor activities; it also improves memory retention and inhibits platelet aggregation^[1].

Protocol (from reference)

Cell Assay:^{^[2]}	Cell lines 3T3-L1 cell Concentrations 25, 50, 75 and 100 μM Incubation Time 24 and 48 h Method The 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes cells are seeded in the 96 well at a density of 1 × 10⁵cells/well. The cells are treated with different concentrations (25, 50, 75 and 100 μM) of Trigonelline. It is incubated at the 37◦C in 5% CO2 incubator for 24 and 48 h and then the culture is treated with WST reagent incubated for 2-4 h. The living cells absorb the WST then it is converted into an orange color product. Then, the intensity of color is measured at 450 nmusing spectra count ELISA reader.

Cell Assay:^{^[2]}

Cell lines
3T3-L1 cell
Concentrations
25, 50, 75 and 100 μM
Incubation Time
24 and 48 h
Method
The 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes cells are seeded in the 96 well at a density of 1 × 10⁵cells/well. The cells are treated with different concentrations (25, 50, 75 and 100 μM) of Trigonelline. It is incubated at the 37◦C in 5% CO2 incubator for 24 and 48 h and then the culture is treated with WST reagent incubated for 2-4 h. The living cells absorb the WST then it is converted into an orange color product. Then, the intensity of color is measured at 450 nmusing spectra count ELISA reader.

References

Selleck's Trigonelline Hydrochloride has been cited by 2 publications

Trigonelline hydrochloride attenuates silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis by orchestrating fibroblast to myofibroblast differentiation [ Respir Res, 2024, 25(1):242]	PubMed: 38877465
Induction of CD4+ regulatory T cells by stimulation with Staphylococcal Enterotoxin C2 through different signaling pathways [ Biomed Pharmacother, 2021, 143:112204]	PubMed: 34560552

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SHIPPING AND STORAGE
Selleck products are transported at room temperature. If you receive the product at room temperature, please rest assured, the Selleck Quality Inspection Department has conducted experiments to verify that the normal temperature placement of one month will not affect the biological activity of powder products. After collecting, please store the product according to the requirements described in the datasheet. Most Selleck products are stable under the recommended conditions.

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