Sitagliptin phosphate monohydrate

Catalog No.S4002 Batch:S400209

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Technical Data

Formula

C16H15F6N5O.H3PO4.H2O
Molecular Weight 523.32 CAS No. 654671-77-9
Solubility (25°C)* In vitro DMSO 100 mg/mL (191.08 mM)
Water 62 mg/mL (118.47 mM)
Ethanol Insoluble
* <1 mg/ml means slightly soluble or insoluble.
* Please note that Selleck tests the solubility of all compounds in-house, and the actual solubility may differ slightly from published values. This is normal and is due to slight batch-to-batch variations.
* Room temperature shipping (Stability testing shows this product can be shipped without any cooling measures.)

Preparing Stock Solutions

Biological Activity

Description Sitagliptin phosphate monohydrate (MK-0431) is a potent inhibitor of DPP-IV with IC50 of 19 nM in Caco-2 cell extracts.
Targets
DPP-4 [1]
(Cell-free assay)
19 nM
In vitro As an orally active agent, Sitagliptin phosphate exhibits a potent inhibitory effect on DPP-4 with IC50 of 19 nM from Caco-2 cell extracts. [1] MK0431 reduces in vitro migration of isolated splenic CD4 T-cells through a pathway involving cAMP/PKA/Rac1 activation. [2] A recent study demonstrates that sitagliptin exerts a novel, direct action in order to stimulate GLP-1 secretion by the intestinal L cell through a DPP-4-independent, protein kinase A- and MEK-ERK1/2-dependent pathway. It therefore reduces the effect of autoimmunity on graft survival. [3]
In vivo In vivo, the ED50 value of Sitagliptin phosphate for inhibition of plasma DPP-4 activity is calculated to be 2.3 mg/kg 7 hour postdose and 30 mg/kg 24 hour postdose in freely fed Han-Wistar rats. [1] The streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes mouse model exhibits elevated DPP-4 levels in the plasma that can be substantially inhibited in mice on an Sitagliptin phosphate diet. This is achieved by a positive effect on the regulation of hyperglycemia, potentially through prolongation of islet graft survival. [4] The plasma clearance and volume of distribution of Sitagliptin phosphate are higher in rats (40-48 mL/min/kg, 7-9 L/kg) than in dogs (9 mL/min/kg, 3 L/kg); and its half-life is shorter in rats,2 hours compared with 4 hours in dogs. [5]
Features A potent, orally active inhibitor of DPP-4.

Protocol (from reference)

Kinase Assay:[1]
  • Plasma DPP-4 Activity[2]

    DPP-4 is extracted from confluent Caco-2 cells. After 5 minutes of incubation at room temperature with lysis buffer (10 mM Tris-HCl, 150 mM NaCl, 0.04 U/mL aprotinin, 0.5% Nonidet P40, pH 8.0), cells are centrifuged at 35,000 g at 4 °C for 30 minutes, and the supernatant is stored at -80°C. Assays are performed by mixing 20 μL of appropriate compound dilutions with 50 μL of the substrate for the DPP-4 enzyme, H-Ala-Pro-7-amido-4-trifluoromethylcoumarin (final concentration in the assay, 100 μM) and 30 μL of the Caco-2 cell extract (diluted 1000-fold with 100 mM Tris-HCl, 100 mM NaCl, pH 7.8). Plates are incubated at room temperature for 1 hour, and fluorescence is measured at excitation/emission wavelengths of 405/535 nm using a SpectraMax GeminiXS. Dissociation kinetics of inhibitors from the DPP-4 enzyme is determined after a 1-hour preincubation of Caco-2 cell extracts with high inhibitor concentrations (30 nM for BI 1356, 3 μM for vildagliptin). The enzymatic reaction is started by adding the substrate H-Ala-Pro-7-amido-4-trifluoromethylcoumarin after a 3000-fold dilution of the preincubation mixture with assay buffer. Under these conditions, the difference in DPP-4 activity at a certain time point in the presence or absence of an inhibitor reflects the amount of this inhibitor still bound to the DPP-4 enzyme. Maximal reaction rates (fluorescence units/seconds × 1000) at 10-minute intervals are calculated using the SoftMax software of the SpectraMax and corrected for the rate of an uninhibited reaction [(vcontrol-vinhibitor)/vcontrol].
Cell Assay:[2]
  • Cell lines

    CD4 T-cells

  • Concentrations

    100 μM

  • Incubation Time

    1 hour

  • Method

    CD4T-cells are plated on membrane inserts in serum-free RPMI 1640, and cell migration is assayed using Transwell chambers (Corning), in the presence or absence of purified porcine kidney DPP-4 (32.1 units/mg; 100 mU/mL final concentration) and DPP-4 inhibitor (100 μM). After 1 hour, cells on the upper surface are removed mechanically, and cells that have migrated into the lower compartment are counted. The extent of migration is expressed relative to the control sample.

Animal Study:[1]
  • Animal Models

    Freely fed Han-Wistar rats

  • Dosages

    ≤10 mg/kg

  • Administration

    Administered via p.o.

Customer Product Validation

, , Psychoneuroendocrinology, 2015, 53:195—206

Data from [Data independently produced by , , Circulation, 2017, 135(20):1935-1950]

Selleck's Sitagliptin phosphate monohydrate has been cited by 6 publications

DPP4 Regulates DHCR24-Mediated Cholesterol Biosynthesis to Promote Methotrexate Resistance in Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplastic Cells [ Front Oncol, 2021, 11:704024] PubMed: 34926239
Anti-glycemic potential of benzophenone thio/semicarbazone derivatives: synthesis, enzyme inhibition and ligand docking studies [ J Biomol Struct Dyn, 2021, 1-12] PubMed: 33769204
Sitagliptin and the Blood-Retina Barrier: Effects on Retinal Endothelial Cells Manifested Only After Prolonged Exposure [ J Diabetes Res, 2020, 2020:2450781] PubMed: 32566677
Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Induces Aortic Valve Calcification by Inhibiting Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Signaling in Valvular Interstitial Cells. [Choi B, et al. Circulation, 2017, 135(20):1935-1950] PubMed: 28179397
DPP4-deficient congenic rats display blunted stress, improved fear extinction and increased central NPY. [Canneva F, et al. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 2015, 53, 195-206] PubMed: 25635612
MICE models: superior to the HERG model in predicting Torsade de Pointes. [Kramer J, et al. Sci Rep, 2013, 3:2104] PubMed: 23812503

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SHIPPING AND STORAGE
Selleck products are transported at room temperature. If you receive the product at room temperature, please rest assured, the Selleck Quality Inspection Department has conducted experiments to verify that the normal temperature placement of one month will not affect the biological activity of powder products. After collecting, please store the product according to the requirements described in the datasheet. Most Selleck products are stable under the recommended conditions.

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