Sitagliptin

Catalog No.S5079 Batch:S507901

Technical Data

Formula

C₁₆H₁₅F₆N₅O

Molecular Weight

407.31

CAS No.

486460-32-6

Solubility (25°C)*

In vitro

DMSO

81 mg/mL (198.86 mM)

In vivo (Add solvents to the product individually and in order)

Clear solution	5%DMSO 1 Corn oil	10.0mg/ml	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 50 μL of 200 mg/ml clear DMSO stock solution to 950 μL of corn oil and mix evenly. The mixed solution should be used immediately for optimal results.
Clear solution	5%DMSO 1 40%PEG300 2 5%Tween80 3 50%ddH2O	10.0mg/ml	Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 50 μL of 200 mg/ml clarified DMSO stock solution to 400 μL of PEG300, mix evenly to clarify it; add 50 μL of Tween80 to the above system, mix evenly to clarify; then continue to add 500 μL of ddH2O to adjust the volume to 1 mL. The mixed solution should be used immediately for optimal results.

* <1 mg/ml means slightly soluble or insoluble.
* Please note that Selleck tests the solubility of all compounds in-house, and the actual solubility may differ slightly from published values. This is normal and is due to slight batch-to-batch variations.
* Room temperature shipping (Stability testing shows this product can be shipped without any cooling measures.)

Preparing Stock Solutions

Biological Activity

Description

Sitagliptin (MK-0431) is an oral and highly selective DPP-4 inhibitor with an IC50 of 18 nM. It is used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.

Targets

DPP-4 ^[1]
(Cell-free)

18 nM

In vitro

Sitagliptin exhibits a > 2600-fold margin of selectivity against DPP8, DPP9, and other members of the dipeptidyl peptidase family (i.e., potency against DPP-4 vs. DPP8/9)^[1]. MK0431 reduces in vitro migration of isolated splenic CD4 T-cells through a pathway involving cAMP/PKA/Rac1 activation^[2]. Sitagliptin exerts a novel, direct action in order to stimulate GLP-1 secretion by the intestinal L cell through a DPP-4-independent, protein kinase A- and MEK-ERK1/2-dependent pathway. It therefore reduces the effect of autoimmunity on graft survival^[3].

In vivo

Sitagliptin is well absorbed after oral administration with a bioavailability of 87%. Sitagliptin has an apparent terminal half-life of 10–12 h at doses of 25-100 mg and is excreted mainly (≈ 80%) as unchanged compound by the kidneys. Sitagliptin does not interfere with the P450 cytochrome enzymes nor have there been any reported significant drug-drug interactions. Sitagliptin has been shown to inhibit DPP-4 activity by > 90% within 1-2 h of administration^[1]. It has a short half-life in mice (1-2 h). Chronic sitagliptin treatment in a non-geneticmouse model of type 2 diabetes elicits significant improvement in glycemic control. The improved glucose homeostasis correlates with restoration of normal islet cell (α and β cells) mass, architecture and insulin secretion capacity in response to glucose stimulation^[4]. Sitagliptin prolongs islet graft survival in streptozotocin-induced and NOD mice. Administration of sitagliptin in vivo reduces lymph node and splenic CD4+ T-cell migration, measured in vitro, via incretin- and nonincretin-mediated effects, respectively, and splenic sDPP-IV-responsive CD4+ T-cells and lymph node incretin nonresponsive CD4+ T-cells selectively infiltrated islets of diabetic NOD mice, after tail vein injection^[5]. Sitagliptin significantly suppressed epileptogenesis in PTZ (pentylenetetrazole)-induced seizures. Sitagliptin counteracted neuronal damage and all biochemical, and histo-chemical alteration induced by PTZ. Oral sitagliptin can promote hippocampal neurogenesis, counteract hippocampal oxidative stress, and prevent the decline in mice cognition^[6].

Protocol (from reference)

Cell Assay:^{^[5]}	Cell lines CD4+ T-cells Concentrations 100 μmol/l Incubation Time 1 h Method CD4+ T-cells (1 × 10⁶ cells) were plated on membrane inserts (8-μm pore size) in serum-free RPMI 1640 medium. Cell migration was assayed using Transwell chambers in media ± purified porcine kidney DPP-IV (32.1 units/mg; 100 mU/ml final concentration) ± sitagliptin (100 μmol/l) or human GIP (100 nmol/l) or human GLP-1 (100 nmol/l). After 1 h, cells on the upper surface were removed mechanically and migrated cells in the lower compartment were counted.
Animal Study:^{^[4]}	Animal Models male ICR mice Dosages 280 mg/kg Administration oral

Cell Assay:^{^[5]}

Cell lines
CD4+ T-cells
Concentrations
100 μmol/l
Incubation Time
1 h
Method
CD4+ T-cells (1 × 10⁶ cells) were plated on membrane inserts (8-μm pore size) in serum-free RPMI 1640 medium. Cell migration was assayed using Transwell chambers in media ± purified porcine kidney DPP-IV (32.1 units/mg; 100 mU/ml final concentration) ± sitagliptin (100 μmol/l) or human GIP (100 nmol/l) or human GLP-1 (100 nmol/l). After 1 h, cells on the upper surface were removed mechanically and migrated cells in the lower compartment were counted.

Animal Study:^{^[4]}

Animal Models
male ICR mice
Dosages
280 mg/kg
Administration
oral

References

+ Expand

Selleck's Sitagliptin has been cited by 19 publications

Multiple Mechanisms of Action of Sulfodyne®, a Natural Antioxidant, against Pathogenic Effects of SARS-CoV-2 Infection [ Antioxidants (Basel), 2024, 13(9)1083]	PubMed: 39334742
Untersuchungen zur Ursache der durch Dipeptidylpeptidase-4-Inhibitoren hervorgerufenen endothelialen Barrierestörung der Retina [ OPARU, 2024, 10.18725/OPARU-52005]	PubMed: none
miR-23b-3p Ameliorates LPS-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis by Inhibiting EndMT via DPP4 Inhibition [ Mol Biotechnol, 2023, 10.1007/s12033-023-00992-9]	PubMed: 38150089
Multi-target mode of action of Sulfodyne®, a stabilized Sulforaphane, against pathogenic effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection [ bioRxiv, 2023, 10.1101/2023.12.18.572126]	PubMed: none
Inhibition of CXXC5 function reverses obesity-related metabolic diseases [ Clin Transl Med, 2022, 12(4):e742]	PubMed: 35384342
Nutritional control of thyroid morphogenesis through gastrointestinal hormones [ Curr Biol, 2022, S0960-9822(22)00137-3]	PubMed: 35196509
A novel human stem cell-based biomarker assay for in vitro assessment of developmental toxicity [ Birth Defects Res, 2022, 10.1002/bdr2.2001]	PubMed: 35289129
DPP4 Regulates DHCR24-Mediated Cholesterol Biosynthesis to Promote Methotrexate Resistance in Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplastic Cells [ Front Oncol, 2021, 11:704024]	PubMed: 34926239
Functional Dissection of CD26 and Its Pharmacological Inhibition by Sitagliptin During Skin Wound Healing [ Med Sci Monit, 2021, 27:e928933]	PubMed: 33735157
Glucocorticoids mobilize macrophages by transcriptionally up-regulating the exopeptidase DPP4. [ J Biol Chem, 2020, 10.1074/jbc.RA119.010894]	PubMed: 31988243

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SHIPPING AND STORAGE
Selleck products are transported at room temperature. If you receive the product at room temperature, please rest assured, the Selleck Quality Inspection Department has conducted experiments to verify that the normal temperature placement of one month will not affect the biological activity of powder products. After collecting, please store the product according to the requirements described in the datasheet. Most Selleck products are stable under the recommended conditions.

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