MPTP hydrochloride

Catalog No.S4732 Batch:S473206

Technical Data

Formula

C₁₂H₁₅N·HCl

Molecular Weight

209.72

CAS No.

23007-85-4

Solubility (25°C)*

In vitro

Water

42 mg/mL (200.26 mM)

DMSO

11 mg/mL (52.45 mM)

Ethanol

11 mg/mL (52.45 mM)

In vivo (Add solvents to the product individually and in order)

Clear solution

5%DMSO 1 40%PEG300 2 5%Tween80 3 50%ddH2O

2.1mg/ml

Taking the 1 mL working solution as an example, add 50 μL of 42 mg/ml clarified DMSO stock solution to 400 μL of PEG300, mix evenly to clarify it; add 50 μL of Tween80 to the above system, mix evenly to clarify it; then continue to add 500 μL of ddH2O to adjust the volume to 1 mL. The mixed solution should be used immediately for optimal results.

* <1 mg/ml means slightly soluble or insoluble.
* Please note that Selleck tests the solubility of all compounds in-house, and the actual solubility may differ slightly from published values. This is normal and is due to slight batch-to-batch variations.
* Room temperature shipping (Stability testing shows this product can be shipped without any cooling measures.)

Preparing Stock Solutions

Biological Activity

Description	MPTP hydrochloride is a dopaminergic neurotoxin and cause selective destruction of dopaminergic neurons in animal models of parkinsonism. MPTP hydrochloride induces apoptosis.
In vitro	The morphology of N2AB-1 and glioma cells was unaltered when these cells were exposed to all doses of MPTP. And, C6 glioma cell proliferation was also unaffected by MPTP treatment^[3]. MPTP Promotes Apoptosis and Tau Phosphorylation in Human Neuroblastoma M17 Cells. MPTP significantly promotes Tau phosphorylation at Ser262 in human neuroblastoma M17 cells. MPTP caused a dose-dependent increase in the intracellular α-synuclein level in our M17 human neuroblastoma cells. MPTP appears to promote Tau phosphorylation in the brain by activating both PKA and GSK3β^[4].
In vivo	The number of tyrosine hydroxylase-positive neurons was decreased in the substantia nigra pars compacta of MPTP-treated mice. MPTP decreased thioredoxin reductase 1 expression and thioredoxin reductase activity in the mouse midbrain, reduced the number of thioredoxin reductase 1-positive cells in the substantia nigra pars compacta of mice. Administration of the toxin MPTP can cause neurochemical, behavioral and histopathological alterations in human and nonhuman primates that are similar to those observed in Parkinsonian patients. Compared with primates, rodents are insensitive to MPTP. MPTP can be administered by various routes, such as gavage and stereotactic injection, but the most common and reproducible route is systemic administration, including subcutaneous, intravenous, intraperitoneal and intramuscular injection. MPTP is a lipophilic protoxin that can rapidly cross the blood-brain barrier following systemic injection. Once it enters the brain, MPTP is converted to 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridine by monoamine oxidase B^[1]. MPTP has been shown to be toxic to dopaminergic neurons of the nigrostriatal system in humans, monkeys, and mice and to produce long-lasting depletion of DA and its metabolites in the striatum^[2].

Protocol (from reference)

Cell Assay:^{^[3]}	Cell lines N2AB-1 neural cell line and the C6 glioma cell line Concentrations 47.7, 4.77 and 0.477 μM Incubation Time 1, 2, 3 days Method N2AB-1 and C6 glioma cells were plated in 24-well costar dishes (16 mm diameter) at 50,000 cells per well with the culture medium described above. After 24 h medium was removed and medium with varying concentrations of MPTP or MPP+ was added in duplicate. Control and treated cells were then trypsinized and counted with a hemocytometer every day for 3 days following treatment.
Animal Study:^{^[1]}	Animal Models C57BL/6 mice Dosages 20 mg/kg Administration i.p.

Cell Assay:^{^[3]}

Cell lines
N2AB-1 neural cell line and the C6 glioma cell line
Concentrations
47.7, 4.77 and 0.477 μM
Incubation Time
1, 2, 3 days
Method
N2AB-1 and C6 glioma cells were plated in 24-well costar dishes (16 mm diameter) at 50,000 cells per well with the culture medium described above. After 24 h medium was removed and medium with varying concentrations of MPTP or MPP+ was added in duplicate. Control and treated cells were then trypsinized and counted with a hemocytometer every day for 3 days following treatment.

Animal Study:^{^[1]}

Animal Models
C57BL/6 mice
Dosages
20 mg/kg
Administration
i.p.

References

[4] Qureshi HY, et al. J Biol Chem. 2011, 286(7):5055-68.

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Selleck's MPTP hydrochloride has been cited by 20 publications

Echinacoside exerts neuroprotection via suppressing microglial α-synuclein/TLR2/NF-κB/NLRP3 axis in parkinsonian models [ Phytomedicine, 2024, 123:155230]	PubMed: 38000105
Intravitreal MPTP drives retinal ganglion cell loss with oral nicotinamide treatment providing robust neuroprotection [ Acta Neuropathol Commun, 2024, 12(1):79]	PubMed: 38773545
Phosphorylated α-synuclein deposited in Schwann cells interacting with TLR2 mediates cell damage and induces Parkinson's disease autonomic dysfunction [ Cell Death Discov, 2024, 10(1):52]	PubMed: 38278799
CDK5-USP30 signaling pathway regulates MAVS-mediated inflammation via suppressing mitophagy in MPTP/MPP+ PD model [ Ecotoxicol Environ Saf, 2024, 279:116446]	PubMed: 38772138
Advancing the early detection of canine cognitive dysfunction syndrome with machine learning-enhanced blood-based biomarkers [ Front Vet Sci, 2024, 11:1390296]	PubMed: 39170638
NOX4 as a critical effector mediating neuroinflammatory cytokines, myeloperoxidase and osteopontin, specifically in astrocytes in the hippocampus in Parkinson's disease [ Redox Biol, 2023, 62:102698]	PubMed: 37058998
Fucoidan from Fucus vesiculosus prevents the loss of dopaminergic neurons by alleviating mitochondrial dysfunction through targeting ATP5F1a [ Carbohydr Polym, 2023, 303:120470]	PubMed: 36657849
Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) inhibition upregulates microtubule-associated protein 1B to ameliorate lysosomal dysfunction and parkinsonism [ MedComm (2020), 2023, 4(6):e429]	PubMed: 38020716
Targeting CB2R in astrocytes for Parkinson's disease therapy: unraveling the Foxg1-mediated neuroprotective mechanism through autophagy-mediated NLRP3 degradation [ J Neuroinflammation, 2023, 20(1):304]	PubMed: 38110963
Reduction of fetuin-A levels contributes to impairment of Purkinje cells in cerebella of patients with Parkinson's disease [ BMB Rep, 2023, 56(5):308-313]	PubMed: 36935573

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