Bacitracin

Catalog No.S4146 Batch:S414601

Technical Data

Formula	C₆₅H₁₀₁N₁₇O₁₆S
Molecular Weight	1408.67	CAS No.	1405-87-4
Solubility (25°C)*	In vitro	DMSO	100 mg/mL (70.98 mM)
		Water	100 mg/mL (70.98 mM)
		Ethanol	Insoluble
* <1 mg/ml means slightly soluble or insoluble. * Please note that Selleck tests the solubility of all compounds in-house, and the actual solubility may differ slightly from published values. This is normal and is due to slight batch-to-batch variations. * Room temperature shipping (Stability testing shows this product can be shipped without any cooling measures.)

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Biological Activity

Description	Bacitracin is a mixture of related cyclic polypeptides produced by organisms of the licheniformis group of Bacillus subtilis var Tracy, which disrupts both gram positive and gram negative bacteria by interfering with cell wall and peptidoglycan synthesis.
In vitro	Bacitracin is a potent antibiotic against gram-positive cocci, staphlococci, streptococci, corynebacteria, Treponema pallidum, T. vincenti, Actinomyces israeli, anaerobic cocci, clostridia, neisseria, most gonococci and meingococci, but it is relatively ineffective against most other gram-negative bacteria. Archaebacteria is also sensitive to Bacitracin. Of this group, Methanobacterium arbophilicum, M. M.O.H., M. O.H.G. and M. formicium showed inhibition by Bacitracin while Methanospirilum and Methanosarcina are insensitive to the antibiotic. Bacitracin affects a number of biochemical processes in bacteria, including metal ion transport, peptidoglycan synthesis, membrane permeability, and biosynthesis of inducible enzymes. Many of the biological properties of Bacitracin can be attributed to its high affinity for polyisoprenyl pyrophosphates. Aside from the antibiotic activity of the Bacitracins, these peptides have proven useful as a tool for investigating lipid-protein interactions at the molecular level. ^[1] Bacitracin is also a known inhibitor of insulin degradation by both isolated cells and subcellular organelles, which inhibits the ability of purified glutathione-insulin transhydrogenase to split insulin into its constituent A and B chains. At concentrations of 90 and 300μM, Bacitracin inhibits 50 and 90%, respectively, of the degrading activity of the purified enzyme. Similarly, degradation by crude liver lysates is inhibited 50 and 90% by 70 and 250 μM Bacitracin, respectively. Bacitracin decreases both the Vmax and affinity of the enzyme for insulin. ^[2] Bacitracin is able to inhibit the reductive function of the plasma membrane by against protein disulfide-isomerase. Bacitracin is able to induce inhibition of the cleavage of a disulfide-linked iodotyramine/poly(D-lysine) conjugate which bounds nonspecifically to the surface of CHO cells. Bacitracin also inhibits the cytotoxicity of diphtheria toxin, adisulfide-linked heterodimer that binds to a specific surface receptor and must undergo chain separation to exert its cytotoxicity. ^[3]

Description

Bacitracin is a mixture of related cyclic polypeptides produced by organisms of the licheniformis group of Bacillus subtilis var Tracy, which disrupts both gram positive and gram negative bacteria by interfering with cell wall and peptidoglycan synthesis.

In vitro

Bacitracin is a potent antibiotic against gram-positive cocci, staphlococci, streptococci, corynebacteria, Treponema pallidum, T. vincenti, Actinomyces israeli, anaerobic cocci, clostridia, neisseria, most gonococci and meingococci, but it is relatively ineffective against most other gram-negative bacteria. Archaebacteria is also sensitive to Bacitracin. Of this group, Methanobacterium arbophilicum, M. M.O.H., M. O.H.G. and M. formicium showed inhibition by Bacitracin while Methanospirilum and Methanosarcina are insensitive to the antibiotic. Bacitracin affects a number of biochemical processes in bacteria, including metal ion transport, peptidoglycan synthesis, membrane permeability, and biosynthesis of inducible enzymes. Many of the biological properties of Bacitracin can be attributed to its high affinity for polyisoprenyl pyrophosphates. Aside from the antibiotic activity of the Bacitracins, these peptides have proven useful as a tool for investigating lipid-protein interactions at the molecular level. ^[1] Bacitracin is also a known inhibitor of insulin degradation by both isolated cells and subcellular organelles, which inhibits the ability of purified glutathione-insulin transhydrogenase to split insulin into its constituent A and B chains. At concentrations of 90 and 300μM, Bacitracin inhibits 50 and 90%, respectively, of the degrading activity of the purified enzyme. Similarly, degradation by crude liver lysates is inhibited 50 and 90% by 70 and 250 μM Bacitracin, respectively. Bacitracin decreases both the Vmax and affinity of the enzyme for insulin. ^[2] Bacitracin is able to inhibit the reductive function of the plasma membrane by against protein disulfide-isomerase. Bacitracin is able to induce inhibition of the cleavage of a disulfide-linked iodotyramine/poly(D-lysine) conjugate which bounds nonspecifically to the surface of CHO cells. Bacitracin also inhibits the cytotoxicity of diphtheria toxin, adisulfide-linked heterodimer that binds to a specific surface receptor and must undergo chain separation to exert its cytotoxicity. ^[3]

Protocol (from reference)

References

Selleck's Bacitracin has been cited by 3 publications

Targeted Inhibition of P4HB Promotes Cell Sensitivity to Gemcitabine in Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder [ Onco Targets Ther, 2020, 13:9543-9558]	PubMed: 33061438
Biscysteine-Bearing Peptide Probes To Reveal Extracellular Thiol-Disulfide Exchange Reactions Promoting Cellular Uptake [ Anal Chem, 2017, 89(16):8501-8508]	PubMed: 28714307
Effect of Subcellular Translocation of Protein Disulfide Isomerase on Tetrachlorobenzoquinone-Induced Signaling Shift from Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress to Apoptosis. [ Chem Res Toxicol, 2017, 30(10):1804-1814]	PubMed: 28823167

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SHIPPING AND STORAGE
Selleck products are transported at room temperature. If you receive the product at room temperature, please rest assured, the Selleck Quality Inspection Department has conducted experiments to verify that the normal temperature placement of one month will not affect the biological activity of powder products. After collecting, please store the product according to the requirements described in the datasheet. Most Selleck products are stable under the recommended conditions.

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