Retinoic acid (Tretinoin)

Tretinoin prevents the cytotoxicity of H2O2 in cultured human mesangial cells by increasing both the catalase activity and the reduced glutathione content, which are dose- and time-dependent changes. Tretinoin-incubated mesangial cells leads to increased levels of catalase mRNA and gamma-glutamyl-cysteine synthetase (catalytic subunit) mRNA, the latter being the rate-limiting step in de novo reduced glutathione synthesis. ^[1]

Tretinoin upregulates matrix metalloproteinase-13 and matrix metalloproteinase-8 in human keloid-derived fibroblasts. ^[2]

Tretinoin-treated old male Fischer 344 rats have 30% lower protein content in the renal cortex than control old rats, this effect may depend on the inhibition of the expression of tumor necrosis factor-beta1, a matrigenic cytokine, and osteopontin, a protein with cell adhesive and chemotactic properties. ^[1]

Tretinoin has the ability to prevent the major steroid-induced biomechanical changes in hairless mouse dermal connective tissue that contribute to atrophy. ^[3]

Tretinoin combined with imiquimod leads to faded tattoos and moderate clearance of pigment on histopathology in the guinea pig. ^[4]

Tretinoin increases fibroplastic proliferation in the Skin incisions were made in 45 CD-1 mice, but the production of collagen was diminished. ^[5]

• Cell lines

  BE2C cells

• Concentrations

  5 μM

• Incubation Time

  6 days

• Method

  Cells were treated with indicated concentration of drug for 6 days.

• Animal Models

  Female Skh-hairless-1 albino mice

• Dosages

  0.05%

• Administration

  Dorsal application