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Formula | C10H20N2S4 |
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Molecular Weight | 296.54 | CAS No. | 97-77-8 | |
Solubility (25°C)* | In vitro | DMSO | 59 mg/mL (198.96 mM) | |
Ethanol | 59 mg/mL (198.96 mM) | |||
Water | Insoluble | |||
* <1 mg/ml means slightly soluble or insoluble. * Please note that Selleck tests the solubility of all compounds in-house, and the actual solubility may differ slightly from published values. This is normal and is due to slight batch-to-batch variations. * Room temperature shipping (Stability testing shows this product can be shipped without any cooling measures.) |
Description | Disulfiram is a specific inhibitor of aldehyde-dehydrogenase (ALDH) with IC50 of 0.15 μM and 1.45 μM for hALDH1 and hALDH2, respectively. Disulfiram is used for the treatment of chronic alcoholism by producing an acute sensitivity to alcohol. Disulfiram induces apoptosis. Disulfiram is also an inhibitor of pore formation by gasdermin D (GSDMD). | ||||
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Targets |
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In vitro | Disulfiram-copper complex potently inhibits the proteasomal activity in cultured breast cancer MDA-MB-231 and MCF10DCIS.com cells, but not normal, immortalized MCF-10A cells, before induction of apoptotic cancer cell death. [1] Disulfiram (DS), a clinically used anti-alcoholism drug, strongly inhibits constitutive and 5-FU-induced NF-kappaB activity in a dose-dependent manner. Disulfiram inhibits both NF-kappaB nuclear translocation and DNA binding activity but has no effect on 5-FU-induced IkappaBalpha degradation. Disulfiram significantly enhances the apoptotic effect of 5-FU on DLD-1 and RKO(WT) cell lines and synergistically potentiated the cytotoxicity of 5-FU to both cell lines. Disulfiram also effectively abolishes 5-FU chemoresistance in a 5-FU resistant cell line H630(5-FU) in vitro. [2] Oseltamivir decreases the number of viable cells, and the addition of CuCl(2) significantly enhances the DSF-induced cell death to less than 10% of control. [3] Disulfiram given to melanoma cells in combination with Cu2+ or Zn2+ decreases expression of cyclin A and reduces proliferation in vitro at lower concentrations than disulfiram alone. [4] |
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In vivo | Disulfiram significantly inhibits the tumor growth (by 74%), associated with in vivo proteasome inhibition (as measured by decreased levels of tumor tissue proteasome activity and accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins and natural proteasome substrates p27 and Bax) and apoptosis induction (as shown by caspase activation and apoptotic nuclei formation) in mice bearing MDA-MB-231 tumor xenografts. [1] Disulfiram blocks the P-glycoprotein extrusion pump, inhibits the transcription factor nuclear factor-kappaB, sensitizes tumors to chemotherapy, reduces angiogenesis, and inhibits tumor growth in mice. Disulfiram inhibits growth and angiogenesis in melanomas transplanted in severe combined immunodeficient mice, and these effects are potentiated by Zn2+ supplementation. [4] |
Cell Assay: |
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Data from [J Proteomics, 2013, 79, 114-22]
Tumor-derived apoptotic extracellular vesicle-mediated intercellular communication promotes metastasis and stemness of lung adenocarcinoma [ Bioact Mater, 2024, 36:238-255] | PubMed: 38481566 |
The TRIM21-FOXD1-BCL-2 axis underlies hyperglycaemic cell death and diabetic tissue damage [ Cell Death Dis, 2023, 14(12):825] | PubMed: 38092733 |
CEBPG suppresses ferroptosis through transcriptional control of SLC7A11 in ovarian cancer [ J Transl Med, 2023, 21(1):334] | PubMed: 37210575 |
CEBPG suppresses ferroptosis through transcriptional control of SLC7A11 in ovarian cancer [ J Transl Med, 2023, 21(1):334] | PubMed: 37210575 |
CEBPG suppresses ferroptosis through transcriptional control of SLC7A11 in ovarian cancer [ J Transl Med, 2023, 21(1):334] | PubMed: 37210575 |
PANoptosis-like cell death in ischemia/reperfusion injury of retinal neurons [ Neural Regen Res, 2023, 18(2):357-363] | PubMed: 35900430 |
PKR deficiency delays vascular aging via inhibiting GSDMD-mediated endothelial cell hyperactivation [ iScience, 2023, 26(1):105909] | PubMed: 36691613 |
BAK-Mediated Pyroptosis Promotes Japanese Encephalitis Virus Proliferation in Porcine Kidney 15 Cells [ Viruses, 2023, 15(4)974] | PubMed: 37112954 |
Reconstitution of human pyroptotic cell death in Saccharomyces cerevisiae [ Sci Rep, 2023, 13(1):3095] | PubMed: 36813876 |
Lack of impact of the ALDH2 rs671 variant on breast cancer development in Japanese BRCA1/2-mutation carriers [ Cancer Med, 2023, 12(6):6594-6602] | PubMed: 36345163 |
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