Chlorprothixene

Chlorprothixene exerts strong binding affinities to the dopamine and histamine receptors, such as D1, D2, D3, D5 and H1 with K_i values of 18nM, 2.96 nM, 4.56 nM, 9 nM and 3.75 nM, respectively, but has little affinity to H3 (K_i >1000 nM). ^[1] Chlorprothixene also shows high affinities for both rat 5-HT6 from stably transfected HEK-293 cells, and rat 5-HT7 receptors from transiently expressed COS-7 cells, with K_i values of 3 nM and 5.6 nM, respectively. ^[2] Administration of chlorprothixene results in inhibition of SARS-CoV replication in Vero 76 cells, with IC50 of 16.7 μM for Urbani strain, 13.0 μM for Frankfurt-1, 18.5 μM for CHUK-W1 and 15.8 μM for Toronto-2. There are similar to those detected with promazine ^[3]

Chlorprothixene blocks postsynaptic mesolimbic dopaminergic D1 and D2 receptors in the brain depressing the release of hypothalamic and hypophyseal hormones. High dose of chlorprothixene inhibits the protection afforded by iproniazid against the reserpine-induced release of catecholamines in adrenal medulla and brain as well as the decrease of 5HT, NE and DA due to reserpine or iproniazid in rat brain. ^[4] Administration of Chlorprothixene restores normal ceramide concentrations in murine bronchial epithelial cells, reduces inflammation in the lungs of mice with cystic fibrosis (CF) and prevents infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, by inhibiting acidsphingomyelinase (Asm) and not neutral sphingomyelinase (Nsm). ^[5]

• Animal Models

  B6.129P2 (CF/3)-Cftr^{TgH(neoim)Hgu} (abbreviated CF^MHH) congenic mice.

• Dosages

  1 mL every time

• Administration

  Five 10-minute inhalations, every 12 hours