2-Hydroxyisocaproic acid

Catalog No.E0652 Batch:E065201

Technical Data

Formula	C₆H₁₂O₃
Molecular Weight	132.16	CAS No.	498-36-2
Solubility (25°C)*	In vitro	DMSO	26 mg/mL (196.73 mM)
		Water	26 mg/mL (196.73 mM)
		Ethanol	26 mg/mL (196.73 mM)
* <1 mg/ml means slightly soluble or insoluble. * Please note that Selleck tests the solubility of all compounds in-house, and the actual solubility may differ slightly from published values. This is normal and is due to slight batch-to-batch variations. * Room temperature shipping (Stability testing shows this product can be shipped without any cooling measures.)

Preparing Stock Solutions

Biological Activity

Description	2-hydroxyisocaproic acid (HICA), an amino acid derivative, has broad antibacterial activity.
In vitro	2-Hydroxyisocaproic acid is not cytotoxic and genotoxic at concentrations <10 mg/mL. At the concentration of 1 mg/mL, 2-Hydroxyisocaproic acid is significantly less cytotoxic than calcium hydroxide.^[2]
In vivo	2-Hydroxyisocaproic acid reduces expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) in a murine chamber model of C. albicans biofilm, compared to those of chambers containing caspofungin and PBS.^[3]

Protocol (from reference)

Cell Assay:^{^[2]}	Cell lines Human periodontal ligament fibroblasts Concentrations 1-40 mg/mL Incubation Time 24, 48 h Method Human periodontal ligament fibroblasts are exposed to varying concentrations of HICA (1, 2.5, 5, 10, 20, and 40 mg/mL) for 24 hours, and a dose-response curve is generated using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay. Immunofluorescence for 2 markers of DNA double-strand breaks, phosphorylated γH2AX and 53BP1, is used to establish the genotoxicity of HICA at various half maximal effective concentration (EC50) fractions. Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of HICA and calcium hydroxide at 1 mg/mL are compared at 24 and 48 hours using the same methods.
Animal Study:^{^[3]}	Animal Models Murine chamber model of C. albicans biofilm(male CD1 mice ) Dosages 5% (wt/vol) Administration s.c.

Cell Assay:^{^[2]}

Cell lines
Human periodontal ligament fibroblasts
Concentrations
1-40 mg/mL
Incubation Time
24, 48 h
Method
Human periodontal ligament fibroblasts are exposed to varying concentrations of HICA (1, 2.5, 5, 10, 20, and 40 mg/mL) for 24 hours, and a dose-response curve is generated using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay. Immunofluorescence for 2 markers of DNA double-strand breaks, phosphorylated γH2AX and 53BP1, is used to establish the genotoxicity of HICA at various half maximal effective concentration (EC50) fractions. Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of HICA and calcium hydroxide at 1 mg/mL are compared at 24 and 48 hours using the same methods.

Animal Study:^{^[3]}

Animal Models
Murine chamber model of C. albicans biofilm(male CD1 mice )
Dosages
5% (wt/vol)
Administration
s.c.

References

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SHIPPING AND STORAGE
Selleck products are transported at room temperature. If you receive the product at room temperature, please rest assured, the Selleck Quality Inspection Department has conducted experiments to verify that the normal temperature placement of one month will not affect the biological activity of powder products. After collecting, please store the product according to the requirements described in the datasheet. Most Selleck products are stable under the recommended conditions.

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