(-)Epicatechin

Catalog No.S4723 Batch:S472301

Technical Data

Formula	C₁₅H₁₄O₆
Molecular Weight	290.27	CAS No.	490-46-0
Solubility (25°C)*	In vitro	DMSO	58 mg/mL (199.81 mM)
		Water	Insoluble
		Ethanol	Insoluble
* <1 mg/ml means slightly soluble or insoluble. * Please note that Selleck tests the solubility of all compounds in-house, and the actual solubility may differ slightly from published values. This is normal and is due to slight batch-to-batch variations. * Room temperature shipping (Stability testing shows this product can be shipped without any cooling measures.)

Preparing Stock Solutions

Biological Activity

Description	(−)Epicatechin (L-Epicatechin, (-)-Epicatechol) is a flavonoid present in cocoa, green tea and red wine. It is a strong antioxidant, has insulin mimic action and improves heart health.
In vitro	(-)-Epicatechin stimulates mitochondrial respiration and oxygen consumption in Panc-1 cells. Human normal fibroblasts are not affected. (-)-Epicatechin sensitizes Panc-1, U87, and MIA PaCa-2 cells with an average radiation enhancement factor (REF) of 1.7, 1.5, and 1.2, respectively. (-)-Epicatechin does not sensitize normal fibroblast cells to ionizing radiation with a REF of 0.9, suggesting cancer cell selectivity. (-)-Epicatechin enhances Chk2 phosphorylation and p21 induction when combined with radiation in cancer, but not normal cells^[2].
In vivo	Aging has deleterious effects on modulators of muscle growth/differentiation, the consumption of modest amounts of the flavanol (−)-epicatechin can partially reverse these changes. In mice, myostatin and senescence-associated β-galactosidase levels increase with aging, while those of follistatin and Myf5 decrease. (−)-Epicatechin decreases myostatin and β-galactosidase and increases levels of markers of muscle growth. In humans, myostatin and β-galactosidase increase with aging while follistatin, MyoD and myogenin decrease. Treatment for 7 days with (−)-epicatechin increases hand grip strength and the ratio of plasma follistatin/myostatin^[1]. Low-dose (−)-epicatechin treatment resulted in significant increases in skeletal muscle capillarity, mitochondrial biogenesis, and oxidative enzyme activity, which corresponded to lower muscle fatigue and higher endurance capacity when compared to the placebo group. (−)-epicatechin may potentially regulate the protein expression between angiogenic and antiangiogenic factors, such as VEGF-A and TSP-1, respectively^[3].

Protocol (from reference)

Cell Assay:^{^[2]}	Cell lines Panc-1 cells Concentrations 0-200 μM Incubation Time 1 h Method Panc-1 cells are seeded into T-150 flasks and on the next day, cells are treated with different concentrations of (-)-epicatechin for 1 h, then harvested and solubilized in 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.4), 40 mM KCl, 1%Tween-20, 1 µM oligomycin, 1 mM PMSF,10 mM KF, 2 mM EGTA, and 1 mM Na3VO4. COX activity is measured in the presence of 20 mM ascorbate and 200 µM substrate cytochrome c from cow heart.
Animal Study:^{^[1]}	Animal Models C57BL/6 male mice Dosages 1 mg/kg BID Administration by gavage

Cell Assay:^{^[2]}

Cell lines
Panc-1 cells
Concentrations
0-200 μM
Incubation Time
1 h
Method
Panc-1 cells are seeded into T-150 flasks and on the next day, cells are treated with different concentrations of (-)-epicatechin for 1 h, then harvested and solubilized in 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.4), 40 mM KCl, 1%Tween-20, 1 µM oligomycin, 1 mM PMSF,10 mM KF, 2 mM EGTA, and 1 mM Na3VO4. COX activity is measured in the presence of 20 mM ascorbate and 200 µM substrate cytochrome c from cow heart.

Animal Study:^{^[1]}

Animal Models
C57BL/6 male mice
Dosages
1 mg/kg BID
Administration
by gavage

References

Selleck's (-)Epicatechin has been cited by 2 publications

(-)-Epicatechin acts as a potent agonist of the membrane androgen receptor, ZIP9 (SLC39A9), to promote apoptosis of breast and prostate cancer cells [ J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol, 2021, 211:105906]	PubMed: 33989703
Loss of N-Glycanase 1 Alters Transcriptional and Translational Regulation in K562 Cell Lines [ G3 (Bethesda), 2020, 4;10(5):1585-1597]	PubMed: 32265286

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SHIPPING AND STORAGE
Selleck products are transported at room temperature. If you receive the product at room temperature, please rest assured, the Selleck Quality Inspection Department has conducted experiments to verify that the normal temperature placement of one month will not affect the biological activity of powder products. After collecting, please store the product according to the requirements described in the datasheet. Most Selleck products are stable under the recommended conditions.

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